PERDANA, DIKI INDRA (2017) ANALISIS DAN MITIGASI RISIKO TERHADAP KINERJA IPAL PELABUHAN PERIKANAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE FAULT TREE ANALYSIS (FTA). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya.
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Abstract
Sumber limbah cair pelabuhan perikanan mayoritas berasal dari pabrik pengolahan ikan dan cold storage yang menghasilkan air limbah yang membutuhkan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL). IPAL merupakan instrumen utama untuk mengurangi beban pencemaran lingkungan terhadap badan air. Data hasil pengujian berkala kualitas efluen IPAL pada tahun 2013-2015 sebagian besar belum memenuhi baku mutu. Penurunan kinerja IPAL dipengaruhi beberapa faktor antara lain fluktuasi debit dan peningkatan beban organik influen, kualitas dan kinerja SDM pengelola, kegiatan operasional dan pemeliharaan pada mesin dan peralatan serta kinerja efisiensi di unit proses IPAL.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis potensi risiko yang berdampak besar terhadap penurunan kinerja IPAL. Variable yang digunakan meliputi aspek Sumber Daya Manusia, Mesin & Peralatan serta unit Proses IPAL. Setiap kegiatan operasional IPAL akan dianalisis menggunakan metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) hingga ditemukan faktor risiko yang potensial. Risiko tersebut kemudian dicari akar penyebab masalahnya menggunakan metode Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), serta dihitung nilai probabilitas dan konsekuensinya untuk menentukan kategori pada matrik risiko. Berdasarkan matrik risiko selanjutnya disusun strategi mitigasi risiko.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab utama penurunan kualitas efluen IPAL pada faktor mesin & peralatan yaitu flowmeter dan hydroextractor, kondisi rusak dan tidak beroperasi. Pada faktor proses IPAL nilai BOD loading, rasio resirkulasi, kebutuhan udara dan efisiensi bak aerasi belum memenuhi kriteria proses, selain itu kualitas SDM rendah karena tidak ada pelatihan pengolahan limbah dan operasional IPAL. Tindakan mitigasi diprioritaskan pada risiko dengan kategori Severe, High dan Major, yaitu penggantian flowmeter, perbaikan dan mengoperasikan kembali hydroextractor, serta pelatihan pada operator & teknisi IPAL. Kebutuhan biaya tindakan mitigasi dihitung berdasarkan ketersediaan anggaran agar dapat secara nyata dilaksanakan. Pemantauan harus terus dilakukan terhadap tindakan mitigasi yang dilaksanakan dan evaluasi berkala diperlukan untuk mengukur tingkat keberhasilan tindakan mitigasi.
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Fish processing plants and cold storages in fishing port are responsible for the major discharge of wastewater which calls for a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). This facility is the key instrument to abate the discharge load to the receiving waters. Data of periodical inspection on WWTP effluent quality from 2013 to 2015 demonstrates that most of them have not complied with the standard quality. WWTP under performances have been affected by a number of factors, such as discharge fluctuation and increment of influent organic load, substandard quality and performance of the operators, decremental operation and maintenance of the machinery and tools, and inefficient treatment process.
This study is conducted to analyze potential risks that will, to a great extent, jeopardize the WWTP performance. The assessed variables are human resource, machinery and tools, and the treatment process. All items of WWTP operations will be analyzed using Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) until a potential risk in each of the variables is discovered. The risk will subsequently be scrutinized to discover the true cause using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) as well as be calculated on the probability value and the consequence to determine into which category in the risk matrix will fall. Based on the risk matrix, a strategy of risk mitigation will be designed.
The result of the study argues that the true cause of the decremental quality of WWTP effluent is the machinery and tools i.e. the flowmeter and the hydroextractor which are defective and not functioning. In the treatment-process variable, the value of BOD loading, sludge circulation ratio, airflow required, and aeration tank have not qualified the process standard criteria. To make matters even worse, the human resource capacity is under-skilled due to absence of training on wastewater treatment and WWTP operation. Mitigation priority will be given to risks with the category of Severe, High, and Major, i.e. flowmeter replacement, hydroextractor repair and refunctioning, and relevant trainings for WWTP operators and technicians. The cost of mitigation is calculated based in availability of budget to ensure its feasibility. On going monitoring will be conducted to the mitigation and periodical evaluation is needed to assess its succes.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Analisis Risiko, Fault Tree Analysis, IPAL, Mitigasi, Risk Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis, Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP), Mitigation. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883.5 Air--Pollution |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | - DIKI INDRA PERDANA |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Feb 2017 05:29 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Feb 2017 05:29 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/2519 |
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