PRASTYADI, CHANDRA (2017) PENGARUH VARIASI FRAKSI VOLUME, TEMPERATUR, WAKTU CURING DAN POST-CURING TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK TEKAN KOMPOSIT POLYESTER – PARTIKEL HOLLOW GLASS MICROSPHERES (HGM) IM30K. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Dewasa ini penggunaan material pada bidang industri, bidang otomotif, dan bidang dirgantara semakin berkembang pesat sehingga dituntut tersedianya material dengan properties dan kinerja yang terbaik serta mampu menggantikan peran logam konvensional. Hal ini dikarenakan keunggulan yang dimiliki material komposit antara lain kekuatan, ketangguhan, dan ketahanan terhadap korosi yang lebih tinggi dari material logam lainnya. Salah satunya adalah pengembangan polimer foam komposit dengan penambahan Hollow Glass Microspheres (HGM). HGM sering digunakan sebagai filler karena keunggulan yang dimiliki antara lain memberikan bobot ringan pada foam, konduktivitas termal rendah, dan ketahanan terhadap tegangan kompresi yang melebihi foam lainnya. Aplikasi dari komposit jenis ini dapat digunakan pada bemper atau body kendaraan. Sehingga berat total kendaraan menjadi lebih ringan dan efisiensi bahan bakarnya meningkat. SIfat mekanik komposit ini dapat dioptimalkan dengan post-curing pada temperatur tertentu.
Penelitian dilakukan dengan mencampurkan resin polyester dan HGM. Spesimen uji tekan diproduksi sesuai dimensi ASTM D-695 dengan variasi fraksi volume HGM 10% hingga 17%. Spesimen menerima tiga perlakuan yang berbeda. Spesimen I di-curing pada temperatur kamar (± 27°C) ditahan selama 24 jam. Spesimen II di-curing pada temperatur kamar (± 27°C) ditahan selama 24 jam lalu post-curing pada temperatur 90°C selama 5 jam. Spesimen III di-curing pada temperatur 90°C ditahan selama 24 jam. Untuk temperatur curing 90°C setelah 24 jam komposit akan tetap dibiarkan dalam oven hingga temperatur oven sama dengan temperatur ruang. Untuk mempelajari perbedaan sifat mekanik yang terjadi, dilakukan pengujian tekan.
Hasil yang didapatkan adalah dengan penambahan fraksi volume HGM 16% hingga 17% pada polyester dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tekan dan ketangguhannya. Kekuatan tekan maksimum komposit sebesar 116.7 MPa didapatkan pada penambahan fraksi volume HGM sebanyak 17%. Sedangkan ketangguhan maksimum komposit sebesar 18,98x10-3 (J/mm3) didapatkan pada penambahan fraksi volume HGM sebanyak 17%. Peningkatan temperatur curing dapat meningkatkan jumlah ikatan crosslink pada matriks polyester. Komposit dengan penambahan fraksi volume HGM 17% yang di-curing pada temperatur 90°C dengan waktu penahanan selama 24 jam merupakan komposit yang memiliki kekuatan dan ketangguhan tekan yang paling tinggi. Peningkatan jumlah ikatan crosslink pada matriks polyester akan meningkatkan kekuatan tekan pada komposit dengan fraksi volume HGM yang sama.
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Nowadays, the materials used in industrial, automotive and aerospace fields are growing rapidly so that it requires the availability of materials with the best properties and performance and that are able to replace the role of conventional metals. This is due to the advantages of composite materials which include high strength, toughness and corrosion resistance higher than other metal materials. One is the development of polymer foam composites by the addition of Hollow Glass Microspheres (HGM). HGM is often used as a filler for its advantages include providing a light weight on the foam, low thermal conductivity and resistance to compressive stresses more than on other foams. The application of this type of composite can be used for bumper or vehicle body so that the total weight of the vehicle will be lighter and that it will increase the fuel efficiency. The mechanical properties of the composite can be optimized by post-curing at a particular temperature.
The study was done by mixing resin polyester and HGM. The specimens were produced according to dimension of ASTM D-695 with variation of HGM volume fraction of 10% to 17%. The specimens received three different treatments. Specimen I was cured at room temperature (± 27 ° C) and detained for 24 hours. Specimen II was also cured at room temperature (± 27 ° C) and detained for 24 hours and then post-cured at a temperature of 90 ° C for 5 hours. Specimen III was cured at a temperature of 90 ° C and detained for 24 hours. For curing temperature of 90 ° C after 24 hours being detained, the composites will be left in the oven until the oven temperature is equal to the room temperature. To study the differences of their mechanical properties, it requires some compression tests.
The results from the study above show that the addition of HGM volume fraction of 16% to 17% polyester can increase the compressive strength and improve the toughness. The maximum compressive strength of 116.7 MPa was obtained from adding HGM volume fraction of 17%. While, the maximum toughness of 18.98x10-3 (J / mm3) was obtained from adding HGM volume fraction of 17%. The increased curing temperature can increase the amount of crosslink bonds in the polyester matrix. Composites with the addition of HGM volume fraction of 17% which were cured at a temperature of 90 ° C with detaining time for 24 hours are the ones that have the highest compressive strength and toughness. Increasing the number of crosslink bonds in the polyester matrix will improve the strength in composites with the same HGM volume fraction.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | perbandingan, eksperimen, pengaruh, fraksi, volume, temperatur, waktu, curing, post-curing, tekan, komposit, resin, polyester, HGM, crosslink, comparison, experiment, effect, fractions, temperature, time, compress, composite |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA1637 Image processing--Digital techniques T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.9 Composite materials. Laminated materials. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA645 Structural analysis (Engineering) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | - CHANDRA PRASTYADI |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jan 2017 08:35 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 07:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/3156 |
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