Putra, Putu Adhitya Dita and Novitasari, Bella Putri (2017) Ekstraksi Senyawa Fitokimia Dari Ampas Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Pelarut Air dan Karbon Dioksida Bertekanan. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekstrak minyak dan nutrisi (α-tokoferol, β-karoten, dan total phenolic compounds - TPC) serta asam palmitate dari ampas kelapa sawit dengan air dan karbon dioksida bertekanan serta mengamati pengaruh kondisi operasi ekstraksi ampas kelapa sawit menggunakan pelarut air dan karbon dioksida bertekanan terhadap yield ekstrak, β-karoten, α-tokoferol, asam palmitate, dan TPC. Ekstraksi secara hydrothermal adalah ekstraksi yang menggunakan air sebagai pelarut pada kondisi subkritis atau pada suhu dan tekanan tinggi (T > 100oC; P > 1 atm), dilakukan dengan kondisi operasi yang bervariasi yaitu tekanan 3; 5; 7 dan 10 MPa, temperatur 120; 140; 160; dan 180oC. Untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa fitokimia yang didapatkan, dianalisa menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).
Kenaikan tekanan operasi pada proses ekstraksi hydrothermal tidak berpengaruh pada banyaknya yield yang didapat pada hasil ekstraksi karena menghasilkan yield yang fluktuatif. Kenaikan suhu operasi pada proses ekstraksi hydrothermal pada suhu (120oC-180oC) meningkatkan yield α-tokoferol. Kondisi optimum untuk mengekstrak α-tokoferol, asam palmitate dan β-karoten pada suhu 180oC dengan tekanan 10 MPa. Dari hasil eksperimen yang telah dilakukan didapatkan hasil terbaik pada suhu 180oC pada tekanan 10 MPa dengan yield α-tokoferol 271,28 mg/g sampel (% recovery yaitu 73,06%), dan yield asam pamitate 2,066 mg/g sampel (% recovery yaitu 0,55 %), dan yield β-karoten 0,008 mg/g sampel (% recovery yaitu 0,0021%).
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The aim of this research was to extract of oil, nutrients (α-tocopherol, β-carotene, and total phenolic compounds) and palmitate acid from palm-pressed fiber with water and pressurize carbon dioxide and observe the effect of operating conditions to the extraction of palm-pressed fiber with water and pressurize carbon dioxide towards yield of extract, the content of α-tocopherol, β-carotene, and phenolic compounds. Hydrothermal extraction is extractio that used water as solvent in subcritic condition in high temperature and preasure (T > 100oC; P > 1 atm), The extraction were carried out by various operating conditions. The pressure are 3; 5; 7; and 10 MPa, the temperature are 120; 140; 160; and 180oC. Spectrophotometer UV - Vis and Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry was used to determine the content of phytochemical compounds.
Increasing pressure surgery on the process of extracting hydrothermal no effect in the yield obtained on the outcome of the extraction because it produces yield who was .The temperature increase surgery on the process of extracting hydrothermal on the temperature (120-180oC) increase yield α-tocopherol .The steady to extract α-tocopherol , an acid palmitate and β-carotene on the temperature 180oc with pressure 10 MPa .From the experiment done get the best result on the temperature 180oC to pressure 10 MPa with yield α-tocopherol 271,28 mg/g sample (% recovery is 73,06%), yield pamitate acid 2,066 mg/g sample (% recovery is 0,55% ), and yield β-carotene 0,008 mg/g sample (% recovery is 0,0021 %).
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Ekstraksi; Hydrothermal; Subkritis; Senyawa Fitokimia; α-Tokoferol; β-Karoten; Asam Palmitate; TPC; Extraction; Sub-critical; Phytochemical Compounds; α-tocopherol; β-carotene; Palmitate Acid. |
Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions. |
Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
Depositing User: | BELLA PUTRI NOVITASARI |
Date Deposited: | 10 Apr 2017 01:47 |
Last Modified: | 22 Dec 2017 02:23 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/3304 |
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