Analisis Pengaruh Transportasi Laut Pada Harga Komoditi (Studi Kasus:Komoditi Sayuran Asal-Tujuan Surabaya-Banjarmasin)

Brahmantya, Ready Elmara (2017) Analisis Pengaruh Transportasi Laut Pada Harga Komoditi (Studi Kasus:Komoditi Sayuran Asal-Tujuan Surabaya-Banjarmasin). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pada saat ini kebutuhan komoditi sayur di kota Banjarmasin sangat bergantung oleh
pasokan dari daerah lain. Salah satu daerah pemasok terbesar dan terdekat adalah Jawa Timur.
Dari salah satu kota di provinsi ini yaitu Batu,komoditi sayur ini dihasilkan dan dikirim untuk
memenuhi permintaan masyarakat Banjarmasin. Faktor utama pentingnya untuk
mengkonsumsi sayuran membuat masyarakat Banjarmasin akan selalu membeli komoditi ini
walaupun harga komoditi sangat mahal dan sering tidak stabil. Banyak yang beranggapan
tingginya harga komoditi ini karena pengaruh sektor transportasi. Dalam penelitian ini
komoditas yang dibahas lebih dikhususkan pada komoditas cabe rawit,kol/kubis,sawi,tomat,
wortel,bawang merah,dan kentang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar
pengaruh sektor transportasi,khususnya transportasi laut terhadap kenaikan harga komoditi
akibat biaya-biaya pengiriman yang ditimbulkan. Terdapat beberapa pola alternatif
pengiriman komoditi sayur yang akan dibandingkan dengan pola yang terjadi saat ini sebagai
pembanding dalam proses analisis pada sektor transportasi laut. Dari hasil analisis biaya pada
masing-masing pola pengiriman didapatkan biaya pengiriman per satuan unit (unit cost
transport) dari penjual di Batu hingga pembeli di Banjarmasin.Pembiayaan transportasi
meliputi biaya pengepulan sayur,biaya buruh bongkar muat,biaya pengemasan,biaya sewa
truk,biaya kepelabuhanan,biaya administrasi dan biaya lainnya. Bermacam-macam biaya
tersebut dibagi dengan jumlah muatan yang diangkut per satuan Kg,sehingga biaya per satuan
unit didapatkan. Unit Cost Transport yang didapat dari masing-masing pola sangat bervariasi.
Besarnya unit cost transport tersebut dibandingkan dengan harga jual ketujuh jenis komoditi
untuk mengetahui seberapa besar persentase pengaruh biaya pengiriman terhadap kenaikan
harga komoditi. Dari hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa besar persentase unit cost transport
terhadap harga jual komoditi tidak lebih dari 14,06% untuk komoditi yang memiliki harga
jual tinggi seperti cabe rawit,bawang merah,dan kentang. Sedangkan untuk komoditi yang
memiliki harga jual rendah seperti kol/kubis,sawi,tomat,dan wortel persentase nya tidak lebih
dari 43,95%. Dari hasil persentase diketahui bahwa sektor transportasi tidak berpengaruh
signifikan terhadap harga komoditi,meskipun telah dicoba dalam berbagai macam model
pengiriman baik pada moda transportasi darat ataupun transportasi laut.

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Nowdays the vegetable commodity demand in Banjarmasin is very dependent by
supplies from other regions. One of the largest suppliers and nearby areas are East Java. From
one city in this province, Batu,this commodities produced and delivered to served the
demand in Banjarmasin. The main factor for the importance of consume vegetables make
Banjarmasin people will always buy this commodity though the commodity prices are very
expensive and often unstable. Many of people think the high price of this commodity due to
the influence of the transport sector. In this study the commodities more be grouped especially
to the commodity of cayenne , cabbage / kale, mustard greens, tomatoes, carrots, onions, and
potatoes. This study aims to determine how much influence the transport sector, particularly
sea transport to the rise in commodity prices due to the shipping costs incurred. There are
several patterns of alternative vegetable delivery of commodities to be compared to the
pattern seen today as a comparison under analysis in the marine transportation sector. From
the analysis of the cost of each shipment patterns obtained the shipping cost per unit (unit cost
of transport) from the seller in Batu to the buyer in Banjarmasin.The transportation costs are
from grouping the commodities, labor costs of loading and unloading, packaging costs, the
cost of renting a truck, cost port, administrative costs and etc. These costs are divided by the
amount of cargo transported per unit Kg, so the cost per unit is obtained. Unit Cost Transport
obtained from each pattern have many variation. The amount of the transport unit cost
compared to the selling price of the seven kinds of commodities to determine how much
influence the percentage of the cost of shipping the commodity price increases. From the test
results it is known that the percentage of the unit cost of transport to the commodity price like
no more than 14.06% for the commodities that have high selling price such as cayenne
pepper, onions, and potatoes. As for the commodity which has lower selling prices like kale /
cabbage, lettuce, tomatoes, and carrots percentage was not more than 43.95%. From the
results of the percentage is known that the transport sector haven‟t significant effect on
commodity prices, although it has been tried in a variety of delivery models both on land
transport modes or sea transport.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	harga komoditi; sektor transportasi; transportasi laut; unit cost transport; commodity prices; transportation sector; sea transportation; unit cost transport
Subjects:	T Technology > TE Highway engineering. Roads and pavements > TE7 Transportation--Planning
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Anis Wulandari
Date Deposited:	08 May 2017 02:58
Last Modified:	22 Dec 2017 08:22
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/41225

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