Satiti, Sekar (2016) Analisis Peforma PLTU versus Variasi Beban pada Turbin Uap menggunakan Software Cycle Tempo. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penggunaan listrik merupakan kebutuhan utama. Di
Indonesia, pembangkit listrik umumnya menggunakan tenaga
uap. Pembangkit listrik tenaga uap merupakan suatu pembangkit
listrik dimana energi listrik dihasilkan oleh generator yang
diputar oleh turbin uap yang memanfaatkan tekanan uap hasil
penguapan air yang dipanaskan oleh bahan bakar di dalam
ruang bakar (boiler). Salah satu komponen penting dalam PLTU
adalah turbin uap. Turbin digunakan untuk memutar generator
dengan cara mengubah energi termal yang terkandung dalam
uap menjadi energi mekanik. Salah satu produsen listrik yang
akan diteliti yaitu berada di Tanjung Balai Karimun. PLTU
dengan kapasitas 7630 kW dalam nett output dan 9032 kW dalam
gross output.
Langkah-langkah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini,
diawali dengan pengambilan data PLTU. Analisis termal pada
sistem pembangkit di Tanjung Balai dalam keadaan normal.
Membuat pemodelan PLTU menggunakan software cycle tempo
berdasarkan process flow diagram (PFD). Pemodelan dilakukan
mulai dari kondisi eksisting dan variasi pembebanan pada turbin
uap dalam cycle tempo sebesar 50%; 75% ;100% dan 110%
sehingga didapatkan data heat mass balance dan nett efisiensi.
Penelitian analisis performa PLTU versus variasi beban
pada turbin uap mendapatkan hasil pengaruh pembebanan turbin uap terhadap nilai heat rate dan konsumsi bahan bakar. Validasi
hasil pemodelan cycle tempo dan lapangan sebesar 0.0018 dari
angka mass flow rate. Perbedaan beban pada turbin didapatkan
kenaikkan konsumsi batubara pada PLTU sebesar 3.35 kg/s; 4.75
kg/s; 5.77 kg/s dan 6.49 kg/s dalam perhitungan termodinamika.
Kenaikkan konsumsi batubara menggunakan perhitungan dengan
cycle tempo sebesar 3.99 kg/s; 5.98 kg/s; 7.98 kg/s dan 8.77 kg/s.
Nilai nett heat rate dari PLTU didapatkan nilai yang menurun.
Nilai nett heat rate dalam perhitungan termodinamika sebesar
48083.55 kJ/kW-h; 45513.98 kJ/kW-h; 41445.79 kJ/kW-h dan
40893.18 kJ/kW-h. Nilai nett heat rate dalam perhitungan
menggunakan cycle tempo, yaitu 57357.18 kJ/kW-h; 57334.56
kJ/kW-h; 57324.45 kJ/kW-h dan 57315.67 kJ/kW-h. Nilai gross
heat rate dari PLTU didapatkan nilai yang terus menurun. Nilai
gross heat rate dalam perhitungan termodinamika sebesar
40619.74 kJ/kW-h; 38449.03 kJ/kW-h; 35012.33 kJ/kW-h dan
34406.16 kJ/kW-h. Nilai gross heat rate yang didapat dari
perhitungan dalam cycle tempo sebesar 48453.86 kJ/kW-h;
48434.75 kJ/kW-h; 48426.21 kJ/kW-h dan 48419.28 kJ/kW-h.
==================================================================================================================
Using of electricity is the main requirement. In Indonesia,
power plants generally use steam. Steam power plant is a power
plant where the electrical energy generated by generator that is
turned by a steam turbine that utilize the result of evaporation,
vapor pressure that is heated by the fuel in the combustion
chamber. One of important component in plant is steam turbine.
Stream turbine on power plant is used to turn a generator by
changing the thermal energy contained in the steam into
mechanical energy. One of produce electricity that will be studied
are located in Tanjung Balai Karimun. Power plant with a
capacity of 7630 kW in nett output and 9032 kW in gross output.
Steps are used in this study is starting with data
collection PLTU. Analysis thermal of power plant in Tanjung
Balai in normal circumstances. Creating model of power plant
using cycle tempo based on process flow diagram (PFD).
Modeling start from existing conditions and variations of load on
the steam turbine on cycle tempo by 50 75, 100 and 110, so that
the data obtained heat mass balance and nett efficiency.
Research from analysis of PLTU performance versus
steam turbine load variations of load on steam turbine get the
loading effect on steam turbine with the value of heat rate and
fuel consumption. Validation from cycle tempo and process flow
diagram is 0.0018 from number mass flow rate. Differences in
load on the turbine is obtained an increase in coal consumption Using of electricity is the main requirement. In Indonesia,
power plants generally use steam. Steam power plant is a power
plant where the electrical energy generated by generator that is
turned by a steam turbine that utilize the result of evaporation,
vapor pressure that is heated by the fuel in the combustion
chamber. One of important component in plant is steam turbine.
Stream turbine on power plant is used to turn a generator by
changing the thermal energy contained in the steam into
mechanical energy. One of produce electricity that will be studied
are located in Tanjung Balai Karimun. Power plant with a
capacity of 7630 kW in nett output and 9032 kW in gross output.
Steps are used in this study is starting with data
collection PLTU. Analysis thermal of power plant in Tanjung
Balai in normal circumstances. Creating model of power plant
using cycle tempo based on process flow diagram (PFD).
Modeling start from existing conditions and variations of load on
the steam turbine on cycle tempo by 50 75, 100 and 110, so that
the data obtained heat mass balance and nett efficiency.
Research from analysis of PLTU performance versus
steam turbine load variations of load on steam turbine get the
loading effect on steam turbine with the value of heat rate and
fuel consumption. Validation from cycle tempo and process flow
diagram is 0.0018 from number mass flow rate. Differences in
load on the turbine is obtained an increase in coal consumption
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 621.165 Sat a |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Variasi Beban pada Turbin Uap, Performa Pembangkit, Software Cycle - Tempo |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Users 13 not found. |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jun 2017 06:38 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Dec 2018 07:40 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/41800 |
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