Niam, Syahrul (2016) Studi Eksperimental Unjuk Kerja LPG engine Generator Set Berbahan Bakar CNG Dengan Variasi Sudut Pengapian Dan AFR. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kebutuhan energi listrik hampir menjadi kebutuhan primer
bagi masyarakat modern di Indonesia. Hal ini dikarenakan
energi listrik termasuk salah satu jenis energi yang mampu
dirubah menjadi energi lain dan banyak membantu kegiatan
sehari-hari. Salah satu alat penghasil listrik adalah LPG
ENGINE GENERATOR SET. Alat ini merupakan salah satu jenis
GENSET yang digerakkan oleh Spark Ignition engine serta
didesign mampu beroperasi dengan dua jenis Bahan Bakar Gas
(BBG) yaitu LPG dan CNG. Diantara beberapa karakterisasi
pembakaran, salah satu properties yang mempengaruhi proses
pembakaran adalah flame speed dan AFR, Nilai stochiometric
ratio CNG dan LPG yang berbeda serta karakter flame speed
LPG dan CNG yang lebih rendah dari pada bensin menjadikan
perlunya pengaturan sudut pengapian serta campuran bahan
bakar dan udara yang sesuai agar proses pembakaran yang
terjadi menjadi optimal.
Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental pada mesin
LPG GENSET Green Power CC5000-LPG yang telah dilakukan
perubahan sistem pengapiannya dari sistem pengapian magneto
menjadi sistem pengapian ECU-Programable agar mampu
divariasikan sudut pengapiannya, serta ditambahkan komponen
tambahan seperti DC blower yang diletakkan pada saluran inlet
udara dan diberikan komponen pressure regulator pada saluran
inlet bahan bakar agar bisa mengvariasikan AFR. Selain itu juga
peneliti membandingkan pengaruh perubahan unjuk kerja mesin berbahan bakar LPG dengan CNG. Variasi sudut pengapian
yang dilakukan antara lain 20o, 23o dan 26o BTDC. Selanjutnya
variasi tekanan masuk bahan bakar yang diberikan diantaranya
40 mbar, 80 mbar, 120 mbar , dan 160 mbar. Kemudian variasi
blower dilakukan dengan merubah voltage regulator yaitu 12 V
dan 24 V.
Hasil keseluruhan pengujian unjuk kerja LPG engine
Generator set berbahan bakar CNG terbaik yaitu pada variasi
sudut pengapian 26oBTDC, 24 V DC Blower dan variasi tekanan
120 mbar dengan peningkatan Ne : 48,31%, MEP : 46,91%,
Torsi 46,911%, efisiensi thermal : 95,35%, efisiensi volumetric :
102,77% serta penurunan SFC : 46,909% dibandingkan
menggunakan bahan bakar LPG Standard. selanjutnya kondisi
operasi pengujian terbaik diatas memiliki kandungan emisi rata –
rata senilai CO : 0,057 %vol. ; CO2 : 3,578 %vol ; dan HC : 85,5
Ppm dan masih dibawah ambang batas emisi.
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Electrical energy requerement almost become a primary
consumtion for modern society in Indonesia. that because the
electrical energy is the one type of energy which can to be
converted into other energy and helped many daily activities. One
means of generating electricity is LPG GENERATOR SET. this is
the one type of Genenerator that driven by Spark Ignition engines
system and designed capable of operating with two types of Fuel
Gas, namely LPG and CNG. Among the characterization of
combustion, one of the properties that make some affect to the
combustion process is flame speed and AFR, stochiometric ratio
of CNG and LPG are different as well as the character of flame
speed LPG and CNG are lower than on gasoline makes the
necessity to mapping for ignition timing to make support as well
as the mixture of fuel and air appropriate the combustion process
to make optimal performance engine.
This research was carried out experimentally on the LPG
ENGINE GENERATOR Green Power CC5000-LPG who was
changed from magneto ignition system into ECU-Programmable
ignition system, so that the ignition timing can be variated by
ECU, as well as add some components to support the combustion
such as a DC blower who is placed on the inlet channel air and
given pressure regulator on the fuel inlet line in. It also compared
the effects of performance LPG-engine who fueled with CNG. the
variation of ignition timing are 20o, 23o and 26o BTDC.
Furthermore, the fuel inlet pressure will be variated on 40 mbar
to 80 mbar, 120 mbar and 160 mbar. Then the blower variation is
done by changing the voltage regulator about 12 V and 24 V.
The overall best data of performance testing LPG engine
generator with CNG fueled are 26oBTDC ignition timing , 24 V
DC Blower and 120 mbar variation pressure, the rising
performance are Ne: 48.31%, MEP: 46.91%, 46.911% torque,
Thermal efficiency: 95.35%, volumetric efficiency: 102.77% and
a decrease in SFC: 46.909% compared to using LPG fuel
standard. the emision result for that operating conditions are
CO: 0.057% vol. ; CO2: 3.578% vol; and HC: 85.5 ppm and that
still below of the standard emission limits on Indonesian country.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 621.313 Nia s |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | LPG GENERATOR SET, ECU-Programable, BTDC, Stochiometric Ratio, Flame Speed, AFR, Sistem Pengapian Magneto, Ne, Torsi, MEP, SFC, Efisiensi Termal, Efisiensi Volumetric. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Users 13 not found. |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Jul 2017 07:34 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Dec 2018 03:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/41850 |
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