Zakariya, Reinaldhy Adithya Leopard (2017) Studi Numerik Performa Square Edge Dan Quadrant Edge Orifice Flow Meter Dengan Variasi Rasio Diameter. Undergraduate thesis, InstitutTeknologiSepuluhNopember.
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Abstract
Di dalam proses industri, flow meter sangat erat kaitannya terhadap keberlangsungan operasional. Salah satu flow meter yang digunakan pada dunia industri ialah orifice flow meter. Orifice flow meter merupakan alat yang sering digunakan karena kelebihannya seperti: compact, ekonomis, tidak adanya bagian yang bergerak, dan cocok untuk nilai laju aliran yang besar. Pelat orifice memiliki banyak variasi bentuk geometri yang penerapannya banyak digunakan terlepas dari standar ISO 5167-2(2003). Setiap bentuk variasi geometri pelat orifice tersebut memiliki nilai performanya seperti discharge coefficient (Cd) dan permanent pressure loss. Walaupun demikian, performa setiap variasi pelat orifice tersebut belum banyak dipelajari. Nilai discharge coefficient (Cd) flow meter merupakan fungsi dari geometri, rasio diameter (β) dan bilangan Reynolds. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya komparasi setiap variasi bentuk dari pelat orifice untuk optimasi operasional. Di industri yang berkaitan erat dengan fluida viskositas tinggi, sering berhadapan dengan aliran yang memiliki nilai bilangan Reynolds yang redah. Hal tersebut juga belum banyak dipelajari dan perlu adanya pembelajaran lebih lanjut.
Di dalam studi kali ini, karakteristik aliran di dalam orifice dievaluasi meggunakan simulasi numerik. Simulasi numerik dilakukan dengan menggunakan software CFD Ansys Fluent 6.3.26 dengan bantuan Gambit untuk membuat geometri dan meshing. Simulasi numerik dilakukan dengan model 3D dari square edge orifice flow meter dan quadrant edge orifice flow meter dengan rasio diameter (β) 0.5 dan 0.7 pada masing masing bentuk geometri. Kasus pada penelitian ini menggunakan bilangan Reynolds pada 5 × 103 dan 5 × 104. Kondisi aliran steady flow dan model viscous menggunakan standard k-epsilon. Parameter utama yang dievaluasi meliputi discharge coefficient (Cd) dan permanent pressure loss.
Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa quadrant edge orifice memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dari pada square edge orifice. Discharge coefficient (Cd) quadrant edge orifice cenderung konstan pada 0.746 di β = 0.5 dan 0.765 di β = 0.7. Sedangkan pada square edge orifice, discharge coefficient (Cd) turun dari 0.644 - 0.628 pada β = 0.5 dan 0.693 - 0.646 pada β = 0.7 saat nilai Re meningkat. Nilai permanent pressure loss cenderung konstan dengan kenaikan nilai Re tetapi turun jika β membesar. Hal tersebut berlaku di semua geometri. Quadrant edge orifice memiliki nilai permanent pressure loss yang lebih rendah 3.25% dibandingkan square edge orifice.
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In industrial process, flow meter is closely related to operational sustainability. One of the flow meter used in industry is orifice flow meter. Orifice flow meter is a tool that is often used because of its advantages such as: compact, economical, no moving or rotating parts and suitable for large flow rate values. Orifice plate has many variations of geometric shape which applications are widely used regardless of ISO 5167-2 standard. Each form of geometric variation of the orifice has performance values such as coefficient of discharge (Cd) and permanent pressure loss. However, the performance of each orifice plate geometric variation has not been widely studied. The value of the coefficient of discharge (Cd) flow meter is a function of geometry, ratio of diameter (β) and Reynolds number. Therefore, it is necessary to study further the variation of the shape of the orifice plate for operational optimization. In industries closely related to high viscosity fluids, they often deal with streams that have a low Reynolds number. It is also needed to study further.
In this study, the flow characteristics in the orifices were evaluated using numerical simulations. Numerical simulations were performed using the Ansys Fluent 6.3.26 CFD software with the help of Gambit to create geometry and meshing. Numerical simulations were performed on 3D models of square edge orifice flow meter and quadrant edge orifice flow meter with diameter ratio (β) of 0.5 and 0.7 in each geometric shape. The models were analyzed on Reynolds number ranging from 5 × 103 and 5 × 104 using steady flow condition and the standard k-epsilon viscous model. The main parameters evaluated include discharge coefficient (Cd) and permanent pressure loss.
The simulation result indicates that the quadrant edge orifice yields better performance than square edge orifice. For the predetermined Re and β values, the coefficient of discharge (Cd) of the quadrant edge orifice stays constant at 0.746 at β = 0.5 and 0.765 at β = 0.7, while the square edge orifice shows decreasing Cd values ranging from 0.644 – 0.628 at β = 0.5 and 0.693 - 0.646 at β = 0.7 as the Re number increases. Permanent pressure loss shows a similar trend with increasing Re; however, permanent pressure loss falls if β falls across all orifice geometry shapes. Quadrant edge orifice has a lower permanent pressure loss value of 3.25% than the square edge orifice.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSIf 681.2 Zak s |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Orifice, Bentuk geometri, Rasio diameter, Bilangan Reynolds, Discharge coefficient (Cd), Permanent pressure loss |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Reinaldhy Adithya Leopard Zakariya |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Nov 2017 03:36 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Mar 2019 04:22 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/42691 |
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