Rochman, Raka Taufik (2017) Perancangan IPAL Medis dengan Teknologi Anaerobic Filter dan Rotating Biological Contactor Di Rumah Sakit Kelas B Surabaya. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Limbah cair rumah sakit merupakan salah satu sumber pencemar bagi lingkungan yang dapat memberi dampak negatif berupa gangguan terhadap kesehatan, kehidupan biotik sehingga harus diolah terlebih dahulu sebelum dibuang ke lingkungan. Dalam kegiatan di rumah sakit kelas B menghasilkan limbah cair yang digolongkan sebagai limbah medis dan limbah non-medis atau domestik. Limbah cair medis berasal dari ruang operasi, laboraturium, dan radiologi gedung rumah sakit. Pada pengolahan air limbah di salah satu rumah sakit B belum dilakukan pemisahan antara pengolahan air limbah medis dan non medis. Limbah medis yang dihasilkan memiliki kandungan zat pencemar. Oleh karena itu diperlukan adanya unit pengolahan yang dapat mengolah air limbah medis yang dihasilkan oleh rumah sakit. Tujuan perencanaan kali ini adalah memperoleh desain rinci IPAL medis dengan proses Anaerobic Filter dan Rotating Biological Contactor di Rumah Sakit Kelas B, mendapatkan nilai Bill Of Quantity (BOQ) dan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) untuk pembangunan dan operasional masing masing IPAL, dan membandingkan perbandingan dua alternatif dari segi volume, efisiensi pengolahan, serta biaya konstruksi.
Tahap perencanaan dimulai dengan mengumpulkan data primer yang berupa kualitas efluen, dan data sekunder yang berupa debit limbah medis, dan baku mutu air limbah untuk rumah sakit, serta data lain yang menunjang untuk kemudian diolah. Selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan dimensi unit IPAL, dibuatnya Detail Engineering Design (DED) serta Bill of Quantity (BOQ) dan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) dari masing masing unit. Selanjutnya dilakukan perbandingan dari segi efisiensi removal, dimensi, luas lahan yang dibutuhkan dan RAB serta kekurangan dan kelebihan untuk masing masing unit alternatif.
Perencanaan ini dilakukan dengan 2 unit yang berbeda, yaitu Anaerobic Filter dan Rotating Biological Contactor. Hasil perencanaan sebagai berikut: unit anaerobic filter (AF) memiliki kelebihan adanya potensi biogas yang besar dan volume bangunan efektif yang dibutuhkan lebih kecil. AF memiliki kekurangan yaitu jumlah lumpur yang dihasilkan lebih banyak. Sedangkan pada unit rotating biological contactor (RBC) memiliki kelebihan yakni produksi lumpur relatif lebih kecil. RBC memiliki kekurangan yaitu tidak adanya potensi biogas dan volume bangunan efektif yang dibutuhkan lebih besar. Untuk kemampuan mendegradasi kandungan polutan, AF memiliki efisiensi removal sebesar 73% BOD, 66% COD, dan 69% TSS. Untuk RBC memiliki efisiensi removal sebesar 76% BOD, 74% COD dan 63% TSS. Biaya pembangunan alternatif 1 sebesar Rp. 249.646.978,00 biaya operasi sebesar Rp 8.623.497,00. Biaya pembangunan alternatif 2 sebesar Rp. 352.127.961,00 biaya operasi sebesar Rp Rp 10.789.202,00.
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The wastewater from hospital generally is one of the sources of pollutants for the environment that could give negative effects such as disruption to health and biotic life. Therefore, it needs to be treated before discharged to the environment. During its activity, class B hospital produces wastewater that is classified as medical wastewater and non – medical, or domestic, wastewater. Medical wastewater comes from the surgery rooms, laboratories and radiology section of the hospital. At the wastewater treatment plant in one of the B class hospitals, the separation between medical wastewater and non – medical wastewater has not been performed. Therefore, treatment units are required to process medical wastewater from hospital. The purpose of this planning are to obtain detailed engineering design of Anaerobic Filter process and Rotating Biological Contactor waste water treatments at B Class Hospital, to obtain BOQ value and RAB for development and operational of each WWTP, and also to compare two alternatives from the volume, efficiency, and construction costs.
Design stage begins with collecting primary data which is the quality of the effluent and the secondary datas, which are the amount of wastewater produced from the wastewater generating units and the quality standards of the hospital wastewater effluent, also other datas that support the designing for later be processed. The next stage, calculate the dimensional of wastewater treatment unit, Detailed Engineering Design (DED), also bill of quantity and budget plan from each unit. Then, comparison is done, based on several aspects: removal efficiency, dimensional, and land area needed, also budget plan, disadvantages and advantages from each alternative unit.
This planning uses two different units, Anaerobic Filter and Rotating Biological Contactor. The result of this planning are as follows: An Anaerobic Filter (AF) has the advantage of a large potential amount of biogas and has smaller unit dimension. But, AF has the disadvantage of producing higher amount of sludge. While Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) has the advantages of lower sludge production. But, RBC has the disadvantage of no biogas potential and a larger dimension of the unit. For the ability to degradate pollutant contained, AF has removal efficiency up to 73% of BOD, 66% of COD and 69% of TSS. While 76% of BOD, 74% of COD and 63% of TSS for RBC. The construction cost for the first alternative is Rp. 249.646.978,00 with the operational cost at Rp. 8.623.497,00. The construction cost for the second alternative is Rp. 352.127.961,00 with the operational cost at Rp. 10.789.202,00
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSL 628.36 Roc p |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Anaerobic Filter, IPAL, Limbah Cair Medis, Perencanaan, Rotating Biological Contactor, Rumah Sakit, Anaerobic filter, WWTP, Medical wastewater, Design, Hospital |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD646 Sewage--Purification |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Raka Taufik Rochman |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Nov 2017 03:57 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 02:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/43444 |
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