Hutapea, Christa Bella R and Sitorus, Romida Evannita (2017) Studi Teknik Produksi Gula Reduksi dari Limbah Kulit Buah Kopi (Parchment hull / endocarp). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Produksi gula reduksi dari lignoselulosa telah banyak menarik perhatian para peneliti dalam kurun beberapa tahun ini. Lignoselulosa dapat diperoleh dari banyak sumber seperti dari kulit kopi namun pemanfaatan kulit kopi belum optimal karena pada umumnya petani menjual limbah tersebut dengan harga murah untuk pakan ternak. Hal ini sangat disayangkan karena lahan pertanian kopi di Indonesia sangat luas dan menghasilkan limbah kulit kopi yang juga melimpah. Oleh karena itu pengolahan limbah kulit kopi menjadi gula reduksi dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan limbah tersebut. Limbah kulit kopi mengandung selulosa 63%, hemiselulosa 2,3%, lignin 17%, protein 11,5%, tanin 1,8-8,56% dan pektin 6,5%. Limbah yang kaya akan selulosa dan hemiselulosa tersebut sangat berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan menjadi gula reduksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penurunan kadar lignin dan pektin dari hasil pretreatment limbah kulit kopi secara biologis menggunakan campuran mikroorganisme Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, dan Trichoderma ressei dengan variabel Aspergillus niger : Trichoderma ressei = 1:1 dan Aspergillus niger : Bacillus subtilis = 1:1. Proses pretreatment ini dibutuhkan karena limbah kulit kopi mengandung lignin yang cukup tinggi, sehingga perlu dilakukan degradasi lignin sebelum proses hidrolisis. Kemudian limbah kulit kopi yang telah melewati proses pretreatment dihidrolisa secara enzimatik menggunakan campuran enzim selulase dan xilanase murni dengan penambahan surfaktan PEG 4000 dan Tween 80 dan biologis menggunakan mikroorganisme Aspergillus niger dan Trichoderma viride dengan penambahan surfaktan PEG 4000. Penggunaan surfaktan dapat meningkatkan konversi hidrolisa enzimatik maupun biologis, maka akan dibahas juga pengaruh konsentrasi surfaktan PEG 4000 dan Tween 80 pada proses hidrolisa enzimatik. Setelah itu dilakukan pengujian kadar glukosa, xilosa, selulosa dan hemiselulosa pada hasil hidrolisa tersebut
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Production of reducing sugar from lignocelluloce has attracted many reaserchers in the past few years. Lignocellulose can be obtained from many sources for instance coffee pulp waste. However its utilization is not optimal yet because farmers commonly sell it for animal woof at a low price. Whereas coffee farm in Indonesia is very vast and produce lots of coffee pulp waste. Therefore, the processing of coffee pulp waste into reducing sugar could be an alternative to optimize its utilization. Coffee pulp waste contains 63% of cellulose, 2,3% of hemicellulose, 17% of lignin, 11,5% of protein, 1,8-8,56% of tannin and 6,5% of pectin. It has potential to be utilized as a reducing sugar because it contains much of cellulose and hemicellulose. This study aims to determine the reduced of lignin and pectin after pretreatment of coffee pulp waste biologically using a mixture of Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, and Trichoderma ressei with variable Aspergillus niger : Trichoderma ressei = 1:1 and Aspergillus niger : Bacillus subtilis = 1:1. This pretreatment process is required because the coffee pulp waste contains lots of lignin, thus lignin has to be degrade before hydrolysis process. Then the coffee pulp waste that has been pretreated enzymatically hydrolyzed using a mixture of pure cellulase and xylanase with the addition of PEG 4000 and Tween 80 surfactant and biologically hydrolyzed using Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride with the addition of PEG 4000 surfactant. After that the glucose, xylose, cellulose and hemicellulose contents is examined. The use of surfactant can improve the enzymatic and biological hydrolysis conversion, therefore this study will also discuss the concentration effect of PEG 4000 and Tween 80 on enzymatic hydrolysis process
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Coffee pulp waste, Enzymatic hydrolysis, PEG 4000, Tween 80 |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QR Microbiology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP255 Electrochemistry, Industrial. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Romida Evannita Sitorus |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Sep 2017 07:32 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 01:50 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/43486 |
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