Marhendra, Bara Awanda (2017) Kombinasi Biofilter Downflow-Upflow Menggunakan Scirpus grossus Sebagai Pengolahan Spiked Pond Water. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Air limbah domestik di Indonesia dibagi menjadi dua, yakni black water yang masuk ke dalam septic tank serta grey water yang langsung dibuang ke badan air melalui saluran drainase. Hal ini akan meningkatkan pencemaran yang terjadi pada badan air, yang akan digunakan sebagai sumber air baku. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat diterapkan adalah pembuatan constructed wetland sebagai kombinasi pengolahan menggunakan biofilter serta proses fitoteknologi. Alternatif ini memiliki banyak keunggulan, mulai dari mampu mengikuti konsep alami dari siklus air, mudah dalam pengoperasian dan perawatan, serta lebih murah dibandingkan pengolahan air limbah konvensional lainnya. Di dalam pembangunan constructed wetland, ada beberapa faktor penting yang mempengaruhi efisiensi pengolahan, seperti media filter yang digunakan, arah aliran, serta tumbuhan yang digunakan pada constructed wetland.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efisiensi dari dua jenis media filter yang digunakan, yakni media pasir dan kerikil ketika digunakan sendiri maupun dikombinasikan secara berjenjang, di dalam menurunkan kandungan organik dan nitrogen pada air limbah. Pengaruh dari konfigurasi reaktor terhadap efisiensi penurunan optimum tumbuhan juga diuji untuk melihat potensi dari peletakan kompartemen biofilter terhadap penyisihan beban pencemar. Penelitian dilakukan dalam skala uji laboratorium menggunakan reaktor berbentuk persegi panjang dengan penambahan sekat pada titik tengah dari panjang reaktor hingga kedalaman 10 cm dari dasar reaktor dan dilaksanakan pada Laboratorium Remediasi Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan FTSP ITS. Air limbah dialirkan pada reaktor dengan HRT selama tiga hari dan efisiensi penyisihan beban pencemar diukur berdasarkan parameter BOD, COD, ammonium, dan fosfat.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan penyisihan beban pencemar ditunjukkan oleh reaktor dengan konfigurasi memanjang yang menggunakan kombinasi media kerikil pada kompartemen pertama dan media pasir pada kompartemen kedua. Reaktor ini mampu menurunkan nilai COD hingga 87% dan nilai ammonium sebesar 94%.
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Municipal wastewater in Indonesia is divided into municipal black water that goes into septic tank and municipal grey water which goes directly to water bodies through drainage system. This will have an impact in increasing pollutant in water bodies, which are used as a source of raw water. One of the waste water treatment alternatives is to create constructed wetland as combination of biofiltration process and phytotreatment technology. It has many advantages such as has a natural concept of water cycle, simple in operation and maintenances, and consider cheaper than other conventional treatment. There are several factor that affect constructed wetland removal efficiency, such as media filter, hydrology, and vegetation of constructed wetlands.
The objective of this research is to investigate the efficiency of two types of media which are sand and pebbles, when used separately or combined sequentially, to remove organic material and nitrogen from wastewater. Influence of reactor configuration is also conducted to find the best possible placement of the reactor compartment towards the optimum removal efficiencies. This research used reactor in a scale of laboratory test using rectangular reactor with baffled that goes across the reactor till 10 cm above the bottom of the reactor and conducted in Remediation Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Department, FTSP ITS. Three days HRT was applied to the operation and afterwards some parameters, such as COD, BOD, and ammonium are measured.
The result indicated that the highest removal efficiency is shown by the reactor with lenghtwise configuration and media combination of gravel in the first compartment and sand in the second compartment. This reactor have the ability to reduce the COD by 87% and ammonia by 94%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Biofilter, Constructed Wetland, Fitoteknologi, Scirpus grossus. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD646 Sewage--Purification |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Bara Awanda Marhendra |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Sep 2017 03:44 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 03:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/43493 |
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