Ariella, Kristiandita (2017) Implementasi Metode Kimiawi dan Biological Monitoring Working Party Average Score Per Taxon (BMWP ASPT) dalam Analisis Kualitas Air Saluran Kalibokor di Wilayah Surabaya. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Saluran Kalibokor sebagai salah satu saluran drainase primer yang dikategorikan sebagai badan air kelas III menurut Peraturan Daerah Kota Surabaya Nomor 2 Tahun 2004. Realitanya di sepanjang Saluran Kalibokor banyak menerima air limbah domestik dari sekitarnya sehingga besar kemungkinan terjadi pencemaran. Badan Lingkungan Hidup (BLH) Kota Surabaya menyatakan bahwa kualitas air di Saluran Kalibokor sudah mengalami degradasi. Degradasi kualitas air menunjukkan bahwa perlu adanya monitoring berkala di Saluran Kalibokor.
Pemantauan kualitas air secara fisik-kimiawi sungai sudah sering dilakukan namun metode biologis dengan BMWP-ASPT belum banyak diterapkan di Indonesia terutama di Saluran Kalibokor. Penelitian ini mengenai implementasi metode kimiawi dan BMWP-ASPT dalam analisis kualitas air Saluran Kalibokor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kualitas air secara fisik-kimia dan biologis dengan makroinvertebrata serta mengetahui korelasi antara kedua metode pemantauan kualitas air.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di 8 titik sampling yang terdiri dari 3 segmen sungai yaitu hulu, tengah, hilir. Pengambilan sampling dilakukan di sepanjang Saluran Kalibokor pada bulan Maret 2017. Sampling yang terdiri dari 2 macam sampling yaitu sampling air sungai untuk analisis dengan parameter fisik-kimia dan sampling makroinvertebrata untuk analisis dengan parameter biologis. Parameter yang digunakan untuk pengukuran kualitas air secara fisik-kimia yaitu pH, suhu, kekeruhan, BOD, DO, amonium, dan fosfat. Hasil analisis laboratorium kemudian dibandingkan dengan standar baku mutu air kelas III berdasarkan PP Nomor 82 Tahun 2001 dan Permenkes No. 492 Tahun 2010 untuk mengetahui kondisi kelas air eksisting. Dalam penetuan tingkat pencemaran berdasarkan parameter kimiawi air digunakan LISEC Score. Sedangkan penentuan kualitas air secara biologis menggunakan indeks biotik BMWP-ASPT. Penggunaan indeks biotik ini memanfaatkan bioindikator akuatik yang memiliki tingkat sensitivitas tinggi pada perubahan kualitas air. Selanjutnya hasil analisis kualitas air dengan metode LISEC Score dan BMWP-ASPT dilakukan analisis korelasi untuk menentukan keterkaitan kedua metode dalam perannya memantau kualitas air Saluran Kalibokor.
Hasil penelitian sebagian besar menunjukkan hanya parameter suhu, pH dan amonium yang memenuhi baku mutu air kelas III. Sedangkan untuk parameter kekeruhan, DO, BOD dan fosfat tidak memenuhi baku mutu. Penentuan tingkat pencemaran berdasarkan hasil analisa LISEC Score yaitu tercemar berat. Sedangkan penentuan tingkat pencemaran dengan BMWP-ASPT yaitu tercemar sedang. Berdasarkan korelasi kedua analisa tingkat pencemaran, didapatkan hasil analisa korelasi kedua metode yaitu tidak saling berkorelasi langsung.
========================================================================================================================The Kalibokor channel is one of the primary drainage systems in Surabaya. Its water is categorized as the water class III based on Perda Surabaya number 2 (2004). In fact, most of a domestic wastewater along the Kalibokor drainage flows into it. It causes a high possibility of water pollution to the channel. The environmental council (BLH) of Surabaya stated that the water quality level at the Kalibokor drainage has already degraded. A routine monitoring to observe a water quality degradation level along the channel is needed.
Even though the council has undertaken a physicochemical monitoring, however, the biological method using BMWP-APT has not been applied yet. In this study, therefore, we implemented the physicochemical method and BMWP-ASPT in water quality analysis at the Kalibokor drainage. Two aims of the study are first is to determine water quality based on physicochemical and biological methods using macroinvertebrate. Second is to find out the correlation between these two approaches when they are applied to observe water quality.
Our methodology is as follows: eight sampling points come from three river segments that are headwater, middle and downstream, were analysed in March 2017. It included of two sampling methods that are water sampling for physicochemical analysis and macro invertebrate sampling for biological analysis. In physicochemical analysis pH, temperature, turbidity, BOD, DO, ammonium and phosphate parameters were applied to measure water quality. Its result then was used to determine the water class condition after comparing to the class III water quality standard based on PP number 82 (2001) and Permenkes number 492 (2010).
Furthermore, LISEC Score is used to determine pollutant level based on water chemical parameter. Additionally, the biotic index of BMWP-ASPT was also utilised to assess water quality based on its biological parameter. In the biotic index assessment, an aquatic bioindicator which has high-level sensitivity in water quality changing applied. After that, the results of both experiments were examined by correlation analysis to determine their relationship to monitoring water quality at the Kalibokor drainage. Theoretically speaking, these two methods have a correlation, however, in our analysis, they do not show the relationship.
The result shows that only temperature, pH, and ammonium parameters fulfil the water standard class III while, the turbidity parameter, BOD, DO, and phosphate parameters do not. Moreover, based on our LISEC Score analysis, the drainage indicated that it has a heavy water pollution level while BMWP-ASPT analysis reveals that the drainage has an average standard of the water pollution.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | BMWP-ASPT, LISEC Score, kualitas air, makroinvertebrata, Saluran Kalibokor |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QL Zoology T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD646 Sewage--Purification |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Kristiandi ta Ariella |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Oct 2017 02:05 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 04:07 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/43666 |
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