Malwindasari, Anggi (2017) Optimisasi Fouling Resistance pada Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Menggunakan Polley Model dan Rain Water Optimization. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Proses pengolahan energi di industri minyak dan gas membutuhkan unit operasi yang efisien. Salah satu cara pengolahan energi dengan memanfaatkan fenomena perpindahan panas. Hal ini dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk meminimalisasi penggunaan energi. Proses perpindahan panas membutuhkan suatu alat penukar panas. Heat exchanger adalah suatu alat termal yang digunakan dalam proses perpindahan panas dua fluida atau lebih yang memiliki temperatur berbeda tanpa terjadi perpindahan massa di dalamnya. Terdapat beberapa tipe heat exchanger, salah satu yang sering digunakan adalah tipe shell dan tube. Permasalahan pada heat exchanger yakni terbentuknya fouling. Fouling adalah deposit yang tidak diinginkan pada permukaan heat transfer yang menghambat proses perpindahan panas heat exchanger dan meningkatkan hambatan aliran fluida sehingga pressure drop menjadi lebih tinggi. Fouling merupakan masalah yang tidak dapat dihindari, tetapi dapat diminimalkan dengan menentukan geomteri heat exchanger yang optimal. Dalam penelitian ini, optimisasi dilakukan untuk menentukan geometri shell and tube heat exchanger sehingga diperoleh fouling resistance minimal. Optimisasi membutuhkan tiga komponen yakni pemodelan fouling resistance dan heat exchanger, formulasi fungsi tujuan, dan teknik optimisasi. Fouling resistance dimodelkan dengan menggunakan Polley model. Fungsi tujuan pada optimisasi ini adalah meminimalkan fouling resistance dengan menentukan geometri shell and tube heat exchanger. Batasan optimisasi adalah heat duty dan pressure drop. Karena pemodelan shell and tube heat exchanger pada optimisasi ini adalah non linier yang memiliki beberapa lokal optimum, maka teknik optimisasi membutuhkan algoritma yang dapat menemukan global optimum. Optimisasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode stokastik yakni Rain Water Optimization. Variabel yang dioptimisasi adalah diameter dalam shell (Ds), diameter luar tube (do), dan jumlah baffle (Nb). Dari hasil optimisasi didapatkan fouling resistance yang lebih rendah yakni pada sisi shell berkurang 18 % dan di sisi tube berkurang 44 % dengan nilai heat duty (Q) dan pressure drop (Δp) tidak melebihi data desain.
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Oil and gas industrial process requires efficient operation unit that provides minimum mass and heat waste. Heat waste minimization can be obtained through heat intregation by utilizing heat exchanger network. Heat exchanger network consist of heat exchanger that connected in series parallel connection. Heat exchanger as one of thermal operation unit transfer heat between two or more fluids through convection and conduction phenomenon. There are some types of heat exchanger available in the market such as shell and tube heat exchanger. Fouling is deposit accumulation on thermal surface formed by sedimentation, crystallization, corrosion and reaction. Fouling reduce heat exchanger efficiency due to increase thermal resistance and pressure drop. Fouling can not be avoided, however it can be mitigated. One of fouling mitigation is designed heat exchanger optimally. In this research, optimization of heat exchanger design was performed by determining shell and tube heat exchanger geometries. In this optimization require three components i.e. fouling resistance and heat exchanger model, problem formulation and optimization technique. Fouling resistance model was built by utilizing Polley model. The objective of optimization is minimized fouling resistance by determining shell and tube heat exchanger geometries, with constraints available heat duty and allowable pressure drops. Since the optimization fall into mixed non linier problem that have some local optimum, the optimization technique that has capability to find out the global optimum is required. In this research optimization technique utilize Rain Water Optimization. The selected optimization variables are shellside diameter (Ds), tube outside diameter (do) and number of baffle (Nb). Optimization results show shellside fouling resistance was reduced 18%, tubeside was reduced 44% compared with existing design by considering available heat duty and allowable pressure drops.
Keywords: optimization, heat exchanger, fouling resistance, geometries.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSF 621.402 5 Mal o-1 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | optimisasi, heat exchanger, fouling resistance, geometri. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Anggi Malwindasari . |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Dec 2017 01:47 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 03:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/44143 |
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