Gultom, Reynad D. P. and Prabatiwi, Rillya Kharisma (2017) Pemanfaatan Limbah Air Kelapa Menjadi Pupuk Organik Cair Menggunakan Mikroorganisme Aspergillus niger, Pseudomonas putida Dan Bioaktivator EM4. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penggunaan pupuk anorganik berlebih dapat memperburuk kondisi tanah, sehingga perlu adanya pengembangan pupuk organik. Pupuk organik digunakan untuk menyuplai bahan organik untuk memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh ratio bioaktivator EM4, Aspergillus niger dan Pseudomonas putida pada limbah air kelapa untuk peningkatan unsur hara; dan mengamati hasil pertumbuhan tanaman cabai, tomat dan terung yang ditreatment menggunakan pupuk organik cair dari limbah air kelapa. Pupuk organik cair dibuat dengan mencampurkan limbah air kelapa dengan mikroorganisme Aspergillus niger, Pseudomonas putida dan bioaktivator EM4 dengan variabel yaitu: EM4; Aspergillus niger; Pseudomonas putida ; campuran antara EM4 dan Aspergillus niger; EM4 dan Pseudomonas putida; Aspergillus niger dan Pseudomonas putida masing-masing dengan perbandingan 1:1 jumlah sel/mL; EM4, Aspergillus niger dan Pseudomonas putida (1:1:1 jumlah sel/mL); serta tanpa penambahan mikroorganisme sebagai kontrol negatif. Pembuatan pupuk organik cair dilakukan dalam mixed batch reactor dengan aerasi udara 4 L/menit/variabel selama 10 hari. Pupuk organik cair yang dihasilkan akan dianalisa kandungan N, P dan K, kemudian akan diujikan pada tanaman cabai, tomat dan terung. Berdasarkan hasil analisa pada produk pupuk organik cair, diketahui bahwa variabel yang menghasilkan peningkatan unsur N, P dan K terbaik adalah variabel campuran Aspergillus niger dan Pseudomonas putida (1:1 jumlah sel/mL) dengan peningkatan unsur N sebesar 100%, peningkatan unsur P sebesar 110% dan peningkatan pada unsur K sebesar 552%. Hasil pengujian pada tanaman uji coba diketahui bahwa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan paling pesat ditunjukkan pada tanaman yang ditreatment menggunakan pupuk organik cair variabel campuran Aspergillus niger dan Pseudomonas putida dengan pertumbuhan batang (∆h) pada tanaman cabai sebesar 10,5 cm; pada tanaman tomat sebesar 6 cm dan pada tanaman terung sebesar 7,67 cm. Perkembangan buah paling pesat juga dialami tanaman yang ditreatment menggunakan pupuk organik cair variabel campuran Aspergillus niger dan Pseudomonas putida ditunjukkan dengan fisik buah yang sudah berubah warna (matang). Sementara untuk kedelapan variabel lainnya, perkembangan buah belum mencapai perubahan warna (belum matang).
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Excessive use of inorganic fertilizers can wreck the physical condition of the soil. So that need to expand the use of organic fertilizers. The organic
fertilizers supposed to supply
nutrients and minerals of soil. The aim of this research are to studied the ratio of bioactivator EM4, Aspergillus niger and
Pseudomonas putida
increasing nutrients and minerals on coconut
water waste as the main organic fertilizers material; to observed the
growth of eggplants, tomatoes and chilies used organic fertilizers
from coconut water waste. The organic fertilizer was made from
coconut wa
ste water that still had some mikro and makro minerals.
The organic fertilizer was made through fermentation process by
injecting microorganisms
Aspergillus niger,
Pseudomonas putida
and bioactivator EM4. The variables are
Aspergillus niger,
Pseudomonas putida,
and bioactivator EM4 each on its own,
mixture of Aspergillus niger and
Pseudomonas putida, EM4 and
Aspergillus niger, EM4 and
Pseudomonas putida, with 1:1 amount
of cells/mL as the ratio for each. Also a mixture of Aspergillus niger,
Pseudomonas putida
and EM4 (1:1:1 amount of cells/mL)
and the last with nothing added as a negative control. The organic fertilizers is done by using mixed batch reactor with aeration 4
L/minutes/variable for 10 days. After 10 days of fementation, we got the final result
of organic liquid fertilizers and the amount of
N, P, K and C-organics were analyzed.
Based on the result of this
research, the highest reduction of C-organic and the highest enhancement of N, P and K was obtained on mixture of
Aspergillus niger and Pseudo
monas putida with escalation as much as 29% ;
100% ; 110% ; 552%. The same result were also shown at the plants that been treated by organic fertilizer with mixture of
Aspergillus niger and Pseudomonas putida
with the growth of the stem (∆h) on chilies pla
nt as much as 10.5 cm; on tomatoes plant
as much as 6 cm and eggplant as much as 7.67 cm. The most rapid growth of the fruit was also shown
at the plants that been treated by organic fertilizer with mixture of Aspergillus niger and Pseudomonas putida, indicated by physical fruit that has color changed (cooked). While the other variables not showing any color changed (uncooked).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 631.875 Gul p |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | air kelapa, Aspergillus niger, EM4, Pseudomonas putida, pupuk organik cair, coconut water, liquid organic fertilizers |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Reynad D. P. Gultom |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Nov 2017 08:16 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 04:46 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/44185 |
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