Ciptaningayu, Tresta Nurina (2017) Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya Dan Beracun (B3) Laboratorium Di Kampus Its. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
ITS memiliki lima fakultas dengan 157 laboratorium yang diantaranya ada yang berpotensi menghasilkan limbah B3 yang bersifat cair maupun padat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan laju timbulan dan jenis limbah B3 laboratorium, menginventarisasi pengelolaan limbah B3 laboratorium yang ada di ITS, serta menentukan strategi pengelolaan limbah B3 laboratorium.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di lima departemen terpilih, yaitu Departemen Kimia, Departemen Biologi, Departemen Teknik Kimia, Departemen Teknik Material dan Metalurgi, dan Departemen Teknik Lingkungan. Identifikasi laju timbulan dan jenis limbah B3 laboratorium dilakukan dengan menampung limbah B3 laboratorium yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan praktikum dan penelitian. Limbah B3 cair ditampung pada wadah berukuran 2,5 L yang diberi label asam, basa, beracun organik, logam berat, mudah menyala, dan mudah meledak. Laju timbulan limbah B3 cair diukur selama enam hari menggunakan gelas ukur berukuran 2 L. Kemudian limbah B3 cair dikompositkan dan dianalisis pH serta kadar logam beratnya. Limbah B3 padat ditampung dalam wadah berukuran 25 L dan diukur laju timbulannya selama enam hari menggunakan timbangan. Kegiatan pengurangan, pewadahan, penyimpanan, dan pengumpulan dianalisis dengan observasi dan wawancara. Strategi pengelolaan limbah B3 laboratorium didasarkan pada pendapat dari para tenaga kependidikan. Data yang didapatkan diolah dengan metode Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threats (SWOT).
Jenis limbah B3 laboratorium yang dihasilkan di Kampus ITS pada periode semester genap adalah asam, basa, beracun organik, dan logam berat. Total bahan kimia kadaluarsa padat sebanyak 29,5 kg dan bahan kimia kadaluarsa cair sebanyak 13,42 L. Laju timbulan dari limbah B3 jenis asam, basa, beracun organik, dan mengandung logam berat sebesar 1,6 L/hari; 4,9 L/hari; 1,2 L/hari; 3,3 L/hari. Limbah B3 padat yang dihasilkan sebanyak 0,9 kg/hari. Pengelolaan limbah B3 laboratorium di Kampus ITS yang meliputi kegiatan pengurangan, pewadahan, penyimpanan, pengumpulan, dan pengolahan belum dapat terlaksana dengan baik. Tiga departemen (Departemen Teknik Kimia, Departemen Teknik Material dan Metalurgi, dan Departemen Teknik Lingkungan) telah melakukan kegiatan pemisahan limbah B3 laboratorium. Departemen Teknik Lingkungan telah melakukan pemberian simbol pada wadah penampung limbah B3 laboratorium. Departemen Kimia memiliki IPAL B3 yang telah beroperasi dan melayani Departemen Biologi dan Departemen Teknik Material dan Metalurgi. Departemen Teknik Kimia melakukan kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga untuk pengumpulan limbah B3. Strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk pengelolaan limbah B3 laboratorium di Kampus ITS adalah kepemilikan izin dalam kegiatan penyimpanan dan pengolahan limbah B3 laboratorium, melakukan kegiatan pemberian simbol dan label serta penyimpanan limbah B3 laboratorium, melakukan kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga, melakukan optimalisasi fasilitas pengolahan limbah B3 laboratorium, serta mengadakan pelatihan untuk tenaga kependidikan mengenai pengelolaan limbah B3 laboratorium dan operation dan maintenance fasilitas pengolahan limbah B3 laboratorium.
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ITS has five faculties with 157 laboratories that some of
them
could potentially produce liquid or solid hazardous waste.
The aims of this research were: (1) to determine the
generation
rate and type of laboratory hazardous waste, (2) to conduct an
inventory of laboratory hazardous waste management in ITS, and
(3) to
determine the laboratory hazardous waste management
strategy in ITS.
This research was done in five selected departments,
namely
Chemistry, Biology, Chemical Engineering, Material and
Metallurgy, and Environmental Engineering
. I
dentification of
laboratory
hazardous waste generation rates was carried out by
dire
ct observation and measurement.
The liquid hazardous waste
was placed in containers with
appropriate
acid, base, toxic
organic, heavy metal, flammable, and explosive labels. The
generation rate of th
e laboratory hazardous waste was measured
for six days usi
ng 2 L measuring cylinder. Then
the liquid waste
was composite
d for pH and heavy metal analyse
s. The
hazardous
solid
waste was placed in a 25 L container and
measured for six days using a scale. The
activities of reduction,
storage, and collection were analyzed by observation and
interview. Laboratory hazardous waste management strategy was
based on educational staf
f opinion. The data obtained were
processed by Strength, Weakness, Oppo
rtunity, Threat
s (SWOT)
method.
The laboratory h
azardous waste produced
dur
in
g
the
second
semester of
academic year
2016/2017 comprised
acid,
base, to
xic organics, and heavy metals. The total quantity of
ex
pired solid chemicals were 29.5 kg
, and that of e
xpired
liquid chemicals
was 13.42 L. The generation rate
s
of
acid
ic, alkaline,
toxic organic, and heavy metal waste were 1.6 L/day, 4.9 L/day,
1.2 L/day, and 3.3 L/
day
respectively
.
The hazardous s
olid waste
was
generated
0.9 kg/day.
The management of laboratory
h
azard
ou
s waste
in ITS Campus
, which included
reduction,
storage, collection, and
treatment activities, ha
s
not been
implemented properly.Three departments
(Chemical Engineering,
Material and Metallurgical Engineering, and Environmental
Engineering
) ha
ve
perform
ed
hazar
dous waste separation
.
Only
Department of Environmental Engineering provided symbols in
each hazardous waste container.
Department of Chemistry has
owned and operated hazardous waste treatment plant, which
served Department of Biology and Materia
l and Metallurgical
Engineering. Department of Chemical Engineering
has also
cooperated with a third party
for hazardou
s waste collection
. The
following
strategies
were proposed
for
improving
the
management of laboratory hazardous waste in ITS
. These
stra
tegies
were
:
applying hazardous waste
storage and treatment
permits to the authorized agency, providing and operating
laboratory hazardous waste
strorage, providing hazardous waste
symbols and labels
in each container, managing cooperation with
third party for hazardous waste collection, optimizing
the
performance of
laboratory
hazardous waste treatment plant;
conducting
training
program for laboratory staff concerning
laboratory
waste management and
treatment plant
operation and
maintenance.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | ITS, laboratorium, limbah B3, pengelolaan, SWOT |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD789 Refuse and refuse disposal |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ciptaningayu Tresta Nurina |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Jan 2018 07:00 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 07:39 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/44452 |
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