Sari, Indah Puspita (2017) Perencanaan Perkuatan Tanah Pelabuhan Curah Cair Teluk Benoa, Bali. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Perkembangan kawasan Bali yang pesat mengakibatkan peningkatan kepadatan lalu lintas laut. Pada Juni 2016, angkutan barang melalui pelabuhan di Bali naik sebesar 7.59% dari 121.802 ton menjadi 131.050 ton (BPS,2016). Alternatif dalam mengantisipasi masalah kepadatan lalu lintas laut adalah dengan melakukan pengembangan lahan pelabuhan di kawasan Teluk Benoa Bali. Kawasan Teluk Benoa Bali akan dikembangkan menjadi pelabuhan secara bertahap dari tahun 2014 sampai tahun 2018. Salah satu jenis pelabuhan yang akan dikembangkan yakni pelabuhan curah cair.
Pengembangan pelabuhan berupa pendalaman kolam (pengerukan), peninggian lahan (reklamasi), dan perkuatan lereng. Elevasi pendalaman kolam berdasarkan pada desain kapal yang berlabuh dan elevasi reklamasi berdasarkan pada pasang surut. Struktur perkuatan lereng harus memenuhi angka keamanan yang disyaratkan yaitu 1.5.
Pelabuhan curah cair Benoa direncanakan dapat disinggahi kapal dengan berat 30000 DWT yang memiliki syarat draft -12m LWS sehingga pendalaman kolam dilaksanakan hingga elevasi -12 m LWS. Berdasarkan data pasang surut Teluk Benoa, beda pasang surut sebesar 2.8 m sehingga elevasi reklamasi final sebesar +4.8 m LWS. Berdasarkan elevasi sea bed yang beragam maka, area reklamasi dibagi menjadi 5 zona dengan elevasi sea bed dan tinggi timbunan bervariasi. Selain itu, perencanaan tempat sandar kapal perlu diperhatikan terhadap beban yang bekerja agar struktur tetap aman. Oleh karena itu, Tugas Akhir ini merencanakan variasi lereng untuk tempat sandar kapal berupa lereng tegak dan lereng miring (slope 1:2) dengan variasi perkuatan lereng. Perkuatan lereng tegak menggunakan cantilever sheet pile dan anchored sheet pile dengan material steel sheet pipe pile dan tiang beton miring sebagai angkur. Lereng miring menggunakan geotube dan kombinasi cerucuk, gabion, geogrid. Berdasarkan hasil analisis lereng tegak, lereng tegak tipe cantilever sheet pile menggunakan steel sheet pipe pile berdiameter 2 m sepanjang 55.69 m dan lereng tegak tipe anchored sheet pile menggunakan steel sheet pipe pile diameter 1.016 m sepanjang 45.69m dan spun pile diameter 60cm sepanjang 30 m sebagai anchored pile. Berdasarkan analisis lereng miring, perkuatan lereng dengan geotube membutuhkan 6 buah geotube yang disususn 3 lapis, zona 1 menggunakan geotube diameter I_G=6.75 m h_G=1.9 m dan zona 3 dan 5 menggunakan geotube diameter I_G=4.5 m h_G=1.4 m. Selain itu, perkutan kombinasi membutuhkan geogrid 11 lapis, cerucuk 14 buah, dan gabion ukuran panjang 2 m, lebar 1 m, dan tebal 0.5 m.
Alternatif perkuatan lereng yang terpilih adalah alternatif yang aman dan ekonomis. Berdasarkan analisis harga, biaya konstruksi pelabuhan curah cair menggunakan kombinasi cerucuk, geogrid, dan gabion sebesar Rp.659,571,127,403, biaya konstruksi dengan geoutube sebesar Rp.636,876,836,262, biaya konstruksi dengan cantilever sheet pile sebesar Rp. 795,389,720,229, dan biaya konstruksi dengan anchored sheet pile sebesar Rp. 945,396,829,451. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, alternatif terpilih yaitu geotube.
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Rapid development in Bali caused a massive improvement in sea Rapid development in Bali caused a massive improvement in sea traffic. In June 2016, the goods traffic in Port of Bali increased in the amount of 7.59%, from 121.802 ton until 131.050 ton (BPS, 2016). One alternative as a solution to solve the sea traffic problem is by developing port area in Teluk Benoa Bali. Teluk Benoa Bali will be improved to be a port gradually from 2014 until 2018. One kind of port to be developed is liquid bulk port.
The phases of dveveloping a port are dredging, reclamation, and soil improvement. Dredging elevation depend on design of ship which will berth at port. Elevation of reclamation depend on the height of tide wave. Safety factor of soil improvement structure should be equal or more than 1.5.
Liquid bulk port of Benoa is designed for a ship having weight of 30000 DWT, which have draft requirement of -12m. Therefore, dredging elevation is -12 m LWS. Depend on tide wave record, difference between elevation of highest tide wave and lowest tide wave is 2.8 m. So, elevation of reclamation is +4.8 m LWS. Based on bathimetri data, reclamation area has variation of sea bed elevation. So, reclamation area is devided to 5 zone which have variations of sea bed and embankment height. In other hand, design of berthing area need to be adjusted with the load to keep the construction in safe condition. This Final Project is purposed to design a berthing area of ship having a slope (gradient 1:2) and upright slope with variation of slope improvement. Upright slope kind of berthing area use cantilever sheet pile and anchored sheet pile with material made of steel sheet pipe pile and batter pile as the anchor. Slope level of berthing area use geotube and combination of gabion, geogrid, and cerucuk. Based on alalysis of upright slope, steel sheet pipe pile diameter of 2 meters with lenghth 55.69 m is used as cantilever sheet pile and steel sheet pipe pile diameter of 1.061 m with lenghth 45.69 and spun pile diameter of 60 cm with lenghth of 30 m is used as anchored sheet pile. In other hand, geotube with diameter of I_G=6.75 m h_G=1.9 m is used in zona 1 and geotube with diameter of I_G=4.5 m h_G=1.4 m is used in zona 3 and 5. The number of geutube isntalled on site are 6 geutubes and installed on 3 layers. Slope improvement with combination geogrid, cerucuk, and gabion need 11 layers of geogrid, 14 pile of cerucuk, and gabion which have length of 2 m, width of 1 m and thickness of 0.5 m.
The chosen alternative method is the alternative which is most economic and fulfilling the safety requirement of construction. Based on cost analysis, combination of geogrid, cerucuk, and gabion cost is Rp.659,571,127,40, geotube cost is Rp.636,876,836,262, cantilever sheet pile cost is Rp. 795,389,720,229,, and anchored sheet pile is Rp. 945,396,829,451. Therefore, the chosen alternative is geotube.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pelabuhan curah cair, Lereng tegak, Lereng miring |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA749 Soil stabilization |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Civil Engineering > 22201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Indah Puspita Sari |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Oct 2017 03:46 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Mar 2019 06:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/45819 |
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