Ariyanto, Citro (2017) Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Sudut Penempatan Plat Datar Pengganggu Di Depan Returning Blade Terhadap Performa Turbin Angin Savonius “Studi Kasus Untuk (L/D) = 1,035; Θ = 0o ≤ Θ ≤ 90o; Bilangan Reynolds = 3 X 104, 6 X 104, Dan 9 X 104”. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Ketersediaan bahan bakar fosil untuk penggunaan energi sudah mulai menipis sehingga dibutuhkan energi alternatif. Dengan melihat potensi angin di Indonesia, turbin angin tipe Savonius paling sesuai digunakan sebagai energi terbarukan. Turbin angin Savonius mempunyai dua sudu yaitu advancing blade dan returning blade. Pada prinsipnya, turbin angin Savonius bergerak akibat perbedaan gaya drag yang ditimbulkan antara advancing blade dan returning blade. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan performa turbin angin Savonius dengan memberikan plat datar pengganggu di depan returning blade.
Untuk meningkatkan performa dari turbin Savonius yang memilki diameter sudu (D) 101,6 mm dan tinggi (H) 300 mm, sebuah plat dengan lebar (L) 105,2 mm dan tebal (t) 3 mm digunakan sebagai sebuah pengganggu yang diletakkan di depan returning blade. Pengganggu ini diposisikan dengan variasi sudut 0º ≤ θ ≤ 90º. Eksperimen ini dilakukan pada ruangan tertutup dengan menggunakan fan sebagai sumber angin. Eksperimen ini menggunakan bilangan Reynolds (Re) = 3 x 104, 6 x 104, dan 9 x 104 dengan berdasarkan pada panjang karakteristik d = 2D-b (dimana b adalah lebar overlap antara kedua sudu) dan kecepatan aliran udara. Pengaturan kecepatan aliran udara menggunakan voltage regulator untuk mengatur kecepatan putar fan. Kecepatan aliran udara diukur dengan menggunakan anemometer. Kecepatan putar dari turbin diukur dengan tachometer. Torsi statis diukur menggunakan torquemeter, dan torsi dinamis diukur dengan brake dynamometer. Dengan mengetahui torsi dinamis dan kecepatan putar maka didapatkan daya turbin.
Hasil pada eksperimen ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian plat pengganggu dapat meningkatkan kinerja turbin. Hal ini dilandasi dengan adanya kenaikan putaran (n), torsi statis (T), dan Coefficient of Power (CoP) turbin Savonius yang dibandingkan dengan turbin tanpa plat pengganggu. Performa turbin Savonius optimal didapatkan ketika sudut plat pengganggu sebesar (θ) 15o. CoP tertinggi sebesar 7,19% pada Re sebesar 6 x 104. Sementara itu, putaran tertinggi sebesar 823,5 rpm dan torsi statis tertinggi sebesar 9,29 N.cm pada Re = 9 x 104. Terjadi peningkatan tertinggi performa turbin Savonius dengan pemberian plat pengganggu pada bilangan Reynolds 6 x 104, putaran turbin mencapai 1,43 kali lebih besar dan Coefficient of Power mencapai 1,47 kali lebih besar dibandingkan turbin Savonius tanpa pemberian plat pengganggu. Sedangkan untuk torsi statis turbin mencapai 2,85 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan torsi statis turbin Savonius tanpa plat pengganggu pada Re = 9 x 104.
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Availability of fossil fuels as energy source in the world is decreasing significantly and continuously, so it is needed to explore an alternative energy, especially not fossil energy source. Savonius turbine is one of several types of wind turbine which ideal for regions. Savonius turbine has two blade such as advancing blade and returning blade. In principle, Savonius turbine works caused by the difference of the drag force generated by its blades, advancing and returning blades. One of the method to increase the performance of Savonius turbine is by placing an obstacle plate in front of the returning blade.
In order to increasing the performance of Savonius wind turbine having a diameter D of 101,6 mm and height H of 300 mm, a plate having a width L of 105,19 mm and a thick of t 3 mm is used as an obstacle located in front of returning blade of turbine. This obstacle is located in various angle of 0o < θ < 90o. The experiments were carried out on a close room and an axial fan is used as source of wind. The free stream velocity of wind has Reynolds number of (Re) = 3.0x104, 6.0x104, 9.0x104 based on equivalent length of d = 2D-b (where b is the width of overlap between the two turbine blades) and the free stream velocity. The free stream velocity of wind is measured by anemometer. The rotation of turbine is measured by tachometer. The static torque is measured by torquemeter, and dynamic torque is measured by brake dynamometer.
The results of this experiment showed that placing the obstacle plate in front of the returning blade can improve the performance of Savonius wind turbine. It is based on the rise in rotation (n), static torque (T), and Coefficient of Power (CoP), compared with the Savonius wind turbine without any obstacle. The best performance of the Savonius turbine is obtained when the opening angle of the obstacle plate (θ) = 15o. The highest of COP is 7.19% for Re = 6 x 104. Meanwhile, the highest rotation of turbine is 823.5 rpm and the static torque is 9.29 N.cm for Re = 9 x 104. The highest improvement of the performance of the Savonius turbine was occurred for Re = 6 x 104 due to the placing of flat plate in front of the returning blade. In this case, the rotation of turbine 1.43% and Coefficient of Power 1.47% larger than the Savonius turbine without any obstacle plate. The static torque of the turbine 2.85% larger than the static torque Savonius turbine without any obstacle plat for Re = 9 x 104.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 629.132 32 Ari s |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Performa turbin Savonius, plat pengganggu, variasi sudut plat pengganggu, Savonius turbine performance, obstacle plate, various angle |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ariyanto Citro |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Oct 2017 02:25 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Mar 2019 04:10 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/46065 |
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