Harsyawina, Alfian (2017) Analisis Stabilitas Kendaraan dan Kekuatan Pengait Bak Angkut Kendaraan Multiguna Pedesaan. Undergraduate thesis, Institiut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Perkembangan teknologi otomotif saat ini selain sudah menuju zero emission vehicle juga sudah mulai menuju penelitian di penggunaan material yang tepat. Penggunaan material yang lebih ringan tentunya akan membuat berat kendaraan menjadi lebih ringan yang akan menyebabkan efisiensi energi yang digunakan akan meningkat. Demikian juga pada penelitian pada kendaraan multiguna pedesaan, untuk melanjutkan penelitian terdahulu maka akan diaplikasikan penggunaan material body carbon fiber. Namun dalam perkembangan teknologi otomotif tentunya tidak boleh melupakan keselamatan dari pengemudi dan penumpang dari kendaraan. Oleh sebab itu, dilakukan analisis stabilitas arah belok kendaraan multiguna pedesaan dengan penggunaan material body carbon fiber. Selain itu, pada kendaraan multiguna pedesaan ini kekuatan dari pengait antara bak angkut dengan chassis kendaraan harus diperhatikan juga untuk memperhatikan faktor keselamatan dari penumpang kendaraan.
Kondisi paling kritis pada kendaraan adalah saat kendaraan melakukan gerakan belok, karena terdapat tiga perilaku arah belok pada kendaraan yaitu understeer, oversteer, dan netral. Ketiga perilaku kendaraan tersebut dilakukan dengan melakukan beberapa analisis seperti analisis slip, skid, guling. Analisa slip dilakukan dengan mencari sudut slip masing – masing ban. Analisa skid dengan membandingkan gaya sentrifugal dan gaya gesek ban. Sedangkan analisa guling dengan mencari nilai Fz pada masing-masing roda. Selain stabilitas kendaraan, juga perlu dilakukan analisa untuk mengetahui gaya – gaya yang diterima pengait bak angkut kendaraan untuk mengetahui kekuatan dari pengait antara bak angkut dengan chassis kendaraan.
Hasil dari penelitian dari tugas akhir ini adalah bahwa kendaraan multiguna pedesaan bermuatan penumpang paling stabil pada layout CG 1 (Lf=1,46 dan Lr=1,13) atau 56,37% wheelbase dari depan. Sedangkan kendaraan multiguna pedesaan bermuatan barang paling stabil pada layout CG 4 (Lf=1,24 m dan Lr=1,35 m) atau 47,87% wheelbase dari depan. Berdasarkan analisa skid dan guling kendaraan akan lebih mudah mengalami skid dan guling dengan penambahan kecepatan dan sudut belok dan ketika melintasi permukaan jalan yang basah. Berdsarkan analisa slip,. nilai Kus akan menunjukkan bahwa kendaraan lebih stabil saat melintasi sudut kemiringan melintang jalan 5° dan 10°. Pada kondisi pengereman lurus, percepatan lurus, dan percepatan belok pengait bak angkut masih dalam keadaan aman sehingga mampu menahan beban yang diterima dari bak angkut.
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The development of automotive technology nowadays besides towards zero emission vehicle is also have start to research about the usage of special material. The usage of lighter material of course will reduce the weight of the vehicle too, so that it can increase the energy efficiency of the car. Therefore the advance research of Multipurpose Rural Vehicle is going to apply the usage of carbon fiber material. But in the later research we must not ignore the safety of the driver and passenger of the vehicle. One of the supporting factor is turning behavior of the vehicle. So that there will be research about stability of turning direction behavior of the car in this study. Beside that, the writer will do a research about the strength of the vehicle box’s hook to concern about the safety of the car.
The critical condition of the car is when the car doing a turning move, because there are three turning behavior of the car, understeer, oversteer, and netral. Understeer is the dangerous condition of the car because of the turning radius of the car is less than the must given turning radius. Oversteer is the most dangerous behavior of the vehicle, because it makes the car is hard to drive. The analysis that will be done is slip, skid, and roll. Slip analysis is done by calculating the slip angle of each of the car’s tier. Then skid analysis will be done by compare lateral force and the friction force of the car’s tier. Last, roll anaysis will be done by calculating the Fz value of each car’s tier. And then besides the stability of the car, this research will also study the force that the vehicle box’s hook received by. Then the force is used as the input of the simulation of the hook. The study is done when the car is being accelerate and decelerate.
The result of this study is stated that the most stable passenger loaded vehicle is at CG 1 layout (Lf=1,46 dan Lr=1,13) or 56,37 wheelbase from front tier . While the most stable goods loader vehicle is at CG 4 (Lf=1,24 m dan Lr=1,35 m) or 47,8% wheelbase from front tier. Base of the study of skid and roll analysis we can know that the more speed and turning radius is given, the car is more likely to undergo skid condition. Beside, wet condition of the road also makes the car easier to undergo skid condition. But with the increase of the transverse slope angles of road, the car will more difficult to undergo skid and rolling condition. By the slip analysis, vehicle is more stable when loaded by goods, because of the value of understeer index (Kus) is show that the car is more less in undergo oversteer behavior... At the straight deceleration, acceleration, and turning deceleration the hook is able to hold the force given by vehicle box, so that the hook is on safe condition.
Keywords : understeer, oversteer, slip, skid, rolling, Kus, and stress.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | understeer, oversteer, slip, skid, Koefisien understeer, and stress |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ230 Machine design |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Alfian Rafi Harsyawina |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Nov 2017 02:50 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Mar 2019 01:50 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/46365 |
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