Aditya, Firman and Candra Priatna, Dikko (2017) Pembuatan Bioetanol dari Campuran Kulit Pisang dan Singkong Racun Menggunakan Hidrolisis Enzimatis dan Fermentasi. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Bioetanol (C2H5OH) adalah etanol yang dibuat dari fermentasi gula dari sumber karbohidrat menggunakan bantuan mikroorganisme. Prosedur pembuatan bioetanol terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu tahap pretreatment kulit pisang dan singkong racun, tahap hidrolisis enzimatis, tahap fermentasi, dan tahap destilasi. Pada tahap pretreatment kulit pisang, menghaluskan kulit pisang dengan menggunakan blender untuk didapatkan 50 gram bubur kulit pisang. Pada tahap pretreatment singkong racun, langkah pertama ialah membersihkan kulit dan memotong singkong racun. Membuat filtrat singkong racun dan mengeringkan endapan sehingga diperoleh kadar air sebesar ±1%. Menimbang endapan/tepung singkong racun sebanyak 100 gram. Pada tahap hidrolisis, hasil pretreatment dicampur dalam erlenmeyer dengan volume tertentu, lalu tambahkan air sampai volume tertentu. Kemudian masukkan Enzim StargenTM 002 dengan volume tertentu sesuai variabel. Pada tahap fermentasi, campuran bubur kulit pisang dengan singkong racun yang telah dihidrolisis, ditambahkan dengan fermipan (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) beserta nutrient sebesar 1,3% dari pelarut, lalu diaduk sampai homogen Selanjutnya larutan difermentasikan selama 1 hari, 3 hari, 5 hari, 6 hari dan 7 hari (sesuai dengan perlakuan). Pada tahap destilasi, larutan fermentasi dimasukkan ke dalam labu destilasi. Temperatur pemanas dijaga pada suhu 78-800C. Proses destilasi dilakukan selama 1,5-2 jam sampai etanol tidak menetes lagi. Mengukur destilat (etanol) yang didapat. Dari percobaan pembuatan bioetanol ini, hasil terbaik diperoleh pada variabel perbandingan bahan kulit pisang:singkong racun= 1:3 dimana parameter ketampakan/uji visual jernih dan terang serta tidak ada endapan, pH sebesar 8,37, berat jenis/density 0,787, kadar Cl- 3,55 ppm, dan kadar Metanol 2,16 ppm yang telah memenuhi standar sesuai SNI bioetanol.
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Bioethanol (C2H5OH) is an ethanol made from the fermentation of sugars from carbohydrate sources using the aid of microorganisms. Bioethanol manufacturing procedure consists of four stages, namely pretreatment stage of banana peel and poison cassava, enzymatic hydrolysis stage, fermentation stage, and distillation stage. At the pretreatment stage of banana peel, smoothing banana peel using blender to get 50 gram of banana peel. At the pretreatment stage of cassava poison, the first step is to clean the skin and cut cassava toxins. Making filtrate of cassava toxic and drying the sediment so as to obtain water content of ± 1%. Considering the deposits / cassava flour as much as 100 grams of poison. At the hydrolysis stage, the pretreatment results are mixed in erlenmeyer with a certain volume, then add water to a certain volume. Then enter StargenTM 002 Enzyme with the corresponding variable volume. At the fermentation stage, a mixture of banana peel with hydrolyzed toxic cassava is added with fermipan (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) along with a nutrient of 1.3% of the solvent, then stirred until homogeneous. The solution is fermented for 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 6 Day and 7 days (according to treatment). At the distillation stage, the fermentation solution is introduced into the distillation flask. The heating temperature is maintained at a temperature of 78-800C. The distillation process is carried out for 1.5-2 hours until ethanol does not drip again. Measure the distillate (ethanol) obtained. From the experiment of making this bioethanol, the best result was obtained on banana leaf comparison variable: cassava poison = 1: 3 where the parameter of visual / clear viscousness / test and no sediment, pH 8.37, density 0,787, Cl - 3.55 ppm, and Methanol 2.16 ppm which has met the standard in accordance with SNI bioethanol
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bioetanol, Enzim StargenTM 002, Fermentasi, Singkong Racun dan Kulit Pisang |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD320 Cellulose. Hydrolysis |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology |
| Depositing User: | Aditya Firman |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Oct 2017 01:52 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Mar 2019 02:23 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/46590 |
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