Ihsan, Muhammad (2017) Analisis dan Redesign Grid Plate Positive dan Negative Lead-Acid Battery dengan Simulasi Distribusi Elektron yang Merata untuk Meningkatkan Service Life pada Lead-Acid Battery (Studi Kasus Pt. Indobatt Industri Permai). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Aki asam timbal merupakan produk baterai yang paling banyak dipakai selama ini. Rendahnya usia baterai asam timbal disebabkan oleh pembentukan garam timbal sulfat yang tidak bisa diurai kembali jika mengalami undercharge atau karena rontoknya masa aktif jika mengalami overcharge. Komponen utama aki yang berfungsi sebagai penghantar elektron menuju seluruh masa aktif adalah grid yang dibuat dari bahan Pb yang kurang baik konduktifitasnya. Desain grid yang baik harus mampu mendistribusikan elektron ke seluruh massa aktif sehingga bisa mengurangi korosi dan sulfasi grid apabila terjadi overcharge dan undercharge.
Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis dan redesign grid plate positive dan negative yang difokuskan pada distribusi elektron yang merata. Metoda yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan permodelan FEA terhadap grid dan mensimulasikan perpindahan panasnya untuk mendapatkan hasil distribusi panas pada tiap desain. Perpindahan panas pada grid digunakan sebagai pendekatan terhadap distribusi elektron mengingat hubungan antara konduktivitas listrik dengan konduktivitas panas berbanding lurus pada material Pb.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa desain grid CK 0.9 memiliki distribusi elektron yang lebih seragam 14.879% dibandingkan dengan desain grid CK 1.4. Untuk meningkatkan keseragaman distribusi elektron, dapat ditambahkan material Pb sebanyak 2 gram pada penghantar grid. Penambahan material tersebut terbukti menghasilkan peningkatan 15.215% pada redesign grid CK 1.4, dan peningkatan 24.837% pada redesign grid CK 0.9. Apabila penambahan material diiringi dengan pemindahan posisi lug ke tengah, hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan keseragaman sebesar 21.659% pada redesign grid CK 1.4 dan 32.250% pada redesign grid CK 0.9.
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Lead acid battery is the most widely used battery product. Lifetime shortening of lead-acid battery is caused by formation of lead (II) sulfate which can not be restored when it run into undercharge condition or due to active material degradation when run into overcharge condition. Main component of the battery that conduct electrons to entire active material are grid made from Pb that has poor electrical conductivity. A good grid design should be able to distribute electrons throughout the active mass, so it can reduce grid corrosion and sulfation in overcharge and undercharge conditon.
In this research, analysis and redesign of positive and negative grid plate are focused on the electrons distribution. FEA method is used by modeling the grid and simulating its heat transfer to obtain a heat distribution result on each design. The heat transfer on the grid is used as an approximation to the electron distribution, considering relationship between electrical and thermal conductivity is directly proportional to the Pb material.
The results of this study indicate that the CK 0.9 grid design has better electron distribution uniformity by 14.879% compared to the CK 1.4 grid design. To increase the uniformity of electrons distribution, 2 grams of Pb material can be added on the grid wires. The addition of the Pb material to redesigned grid increase its uniformity by 15.215% on CK 1.4 and 24.837% on CK 0.9. In the other hand, when the addition of material and translocation of the lug position to the center are done, it can increase electrons distribution uniformity of redesigned grid by 21.659% on CK 1.4 and 32.250% on CK 0.9.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 621.312 42 Ihs a |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Lead-Acid Battery, Grid Design, Service Life |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA347 Finite Element Method T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ihsan Muhammad |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Oct 2017 07:30 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Mar 2019 02:45 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/46625 |
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