Evaluasi Pengelolaan Limbah Padat B3 Di Fasilitas Incinerator Untuk Puskesmas Kota Surabaya

Suryawan, I Wayan Koko (2014) Evaluasi Pengelolaan Limbah Padat B3 Di Fasilitas Incinerator Untuk Puskesmas Kota Surabaya. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat (Puskesmas) adalah salah
satu fasilitas kesehatan yang menghasilkan limbah padat B3.
Puskesmas di Kota Surabaya belum memiliki data
pengelolaan incinerator. Kinerja dari incinerator dapat dilihat
dari efisiensi penghancuran dan penghilangan (DRE) atau
dengan cara uji TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching
Procedure) dari produk hasil insinerasi. Tujuan penelitian ini
adalah untuk mengetahui timbulan dan komposisi limbah padat
B3 yang masuk ke fasilitas incinerator Puskesmas, kondisi
eksiting incinerator, karakteristik abu incinerator, dan
rekomendasi yang dapat diberikan.
Dilakukan pengukuran timbulan dan komposisi limbah B3
sesuai dengan SNI 19-3964-1994 tentang metode pengambilan
dan pengukuran contoh timbulandan komposisi sampah
perkotaan. Pemantauan kinerja incinerator dilakukan dengan cara
pengamatan langsung terhadap kedua jenis incinerator. Jenis
incinerator dan limbah yang dihasilkan menentukan penerapan
pengelolaan limbah padat B3. Residu pembakaran diuji TCLP
dengan metoda AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy)dimana
unsur yang diuji adalah unsur logam berat seperti Cr, Cd, Zn, dan
Pb.
Hasil observasi lapangan mengenai timbulan di Puskesmas
Jagir selama 10 hari tidak dapat mewakili timbulan ke Fasilitas
incinerator. Sehingga digunakan data sekunder berupa data
inventarisasi setiap Puskesmas selama setahun. Sehingga
menghasilkan data rata – rata timbulan ke fasilitas incinerator di
Kota Surabaya Tahun 2013 sebnayak 47,71 kg/minggu, pada
tahun 2014mencapai 48,71 kg/minggu. Dengan komposisi limbah
B3 ke fasilitas incinerator terdiri dari jenis plastik yang tercemar
(47,13%), botol (14,15%), benda tajam (17,98%), dan infeksius
lainnya (10,30%). Incinerator Jenis A, berdasarkan injeksinya
termasuk closed incinerator dengan suhu 630oC dan DRE
mencapai 74,44 %. Incinerator Jenis B, berdasarkan injeksinya
termasuk semi closed incineratordengan suhu 695oC, dan DRE
82,87%. Hasil TCLP uji abu kedua jenis incinerator tidak
memenuhi bakumutu. Sehingga dilakukan solidifikasi dengan
perbandingan semen : abu, 75:25 sehingga kadar menjadi tidak
berbahaya.

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Community health care centres generate hazardous waste.
Community health care centres in Surabaya City do not have data
management of incinerator. The performance of incinerator can
be based on destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) or Toxicity
Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). The aims of this
study are to determine composition of hazardous waste in
incineration facilities in community health care centres, exsiting
condition of incinerator, characteristics of incinerator ash, and
recommendation needed.
Measurement of hazardous waste generation and
composition were done according to SNI 19-3964-1994.
Management of incinerator was monitored by direct observation.
Combustion residues were tested using AAS method (Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometer) for heavy metals such as Cr, Cd,
Zn, and Pb.
The observed hazardous waste generation for 10 days in
community health care centres Jagir did not represent overall
generation for incinerator facilities. Therefore, secondary data
inventory in last 1 year of hazardous waste generation in each
health centre was used. In 2013, hazardous waste generation in
incinerator facility reached 47,71 kg/week, whereas in 2014
reached 48,71 kg/week. The hazardous waste was composed of
contaminated plastics (47,13%), bottles (14,15%), sharp items
(17,98%), and other infectious items (10.30%). Incinerator type A
(closed incinerator) operated at 630 °C heat has DRE value of
74,44, whereas incinerator type B (semi closed incinerator)
operated at 695 °C heat has DRE value of 82,87%. Based on
TCLP analysis, the incinerator ashes did not meet the regulated
standard quality. Therefore, solidification with cement: ash
(75:25) was required to meet the standard quality.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Additional Information:	RSL 628.445 Sur e
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Puskesmas, Limbah padat B3, Incinerator, Uji TCLP, Community Health Centres, Hazardous Waste, TCLP test
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Anis Wulandari
Date Deposited:	07 Sep 2017 05:32
Last Modified:	27 Dec 2017 04:17
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/48806

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