Basuki, Adhitiyan and Ma'ruf, Hilman Maulana (2018) Sintesa dan Karakterisasi Superabsorben Polimer dari Pati dan Asam Akrilat. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Superabsorben polimer pada penelitian ini disintesa
dari pati dan asam akrilat dengan inisiator potassium
peroxodisulfat (K2S2O8), crosslinker N,Nmethylenebisacrylamide (MBA). Teknik polimerisasi yang
digunakan adalah teknik polimerisasi larutan dengan metode
kopolimerisasi grafting. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah
mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi inisiator, dan konsentrasi
crosslinker terhadap water absorbency dan melakukan
karakterisasi pada produk yang di hasilkan. Variabel tetap
pada penelitian ini yaitu perbandingan berat pati : asam akrilat
3:1, waktu reaksi 2 jam, dan suhu reaksi 70 oC dengan variabel
berubah konsentrasi crosslinker sebesar 1%-2% dengan
interval 0,25% berat terhadap monomer dan variabel inisiator
antara 0,5%-1,5% dengan interval 0,25% berat terhadap
monomer. Produk yang dihasilkan kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan uji Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning
Calorimetry (DSC). Berdasarkan hasil FTIR, produk
superabsorben polimer pati/asam akrilat terlihat sudah
memiliki ikatan atau gugus yang terdapat pada bahan yang
tampak dari peak yang terjadi. Dari hasil uji DSC pada produk
dengan konsentrasi crosslinker 1% dan 2% (wt) terhadap asam
akrilat menunjukkan Tg dan Tm masing-masing pada 119.76
oC, 306.31 oC dan 122.99 C, 311.56. Pada produk dengan
konsentrasi inisiator 0.5% dan 1.5% (wt) terhadap asam akrilat
menunjukkan Tg dan Tm masing-masing pada 130.43 oC,
308.24 oC dan 111.87 C, 307.5 C.Hal ini menunjukkan sudah
terjadi perbedaan dengan Tg pada bahan dimana pati memiliki
Tg 105 oC dan asam akrilat memiliki Tg 105 oC. Hasil SEM
menunjukkan bahwa superabsorben polimer ini memliki
permukaan yang agak kasar, memiliki lubang/pori dan sudah
tidak nampak granul-granul pati. Pada variabel crosslinker,
water absorbency cenderung mengalami kenaikan pada
konsentrasi 1%-1,5%. Saat konsentrasi crosslinker
ditingkatkan, cenderung mengalami penurunan dimana kondisi
optimumnya pada konsentrasi 1,5%. Pada variabel inisiator,
water absorbency cenderung mengalami kenaikanpada
konsentrasi 0,5%-1,25%, sedangkan saat konsentrasi diatas
1,25% mengalami penurunan.
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Superabsorbent polymer in this study was synthesized
from starch and acrylic acid with potassium peroxodisulfat
(K2S2O8) as inisiator and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA)
as crosslinker. Polymerization method used is solution
polymerization by graft copolymerization method. The
purpose of this study is to study the effect of inisiator
concentration and crosslinker consentration on water
absorbency and characterized the product. The fixed variables
are weight ratio starch : acrylic acid 1:3, reaction time 2 hours,
and reaction temperature 70oC with variable change of
crosslinker concentration equal to 1%-2% with interval 0.25% weight of monomer and variable initiator between 0.5% -
1.5% with an interval of 0.25% by weight against the
monomer. The resulting product is then characterized by
Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR),Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry
(DSC) test. Based on FTIR result, starch/acrylic acid
superabsorbent product visible already has a bond or cluster
present on the visible material of the peak occurring. From the
DSC test result on products with 1% and 2% (wt) crosslinker
concentration against acrylic acid showed glass transition
temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) respectively at
119.76;306.31oC and 122.99oC; 311.56oC. In products with
0.5% and 1.5% (wt) of initiator concentration of acrylic acid
showed Tg and Tm respectively at 130.43oC; 308.24oC and
111.87oC; 307.5oC. This indicate that there has been a
difference with Tg in the substance where starch has Tg
87.25oC and acrylic acid has a Tg of 105oC. The SEM result
show that the superabsorbent polymer feature a rather coarse
surface and has not seen starch granules. In the crosslinker
variable, the water absorbency tends to increase at
concentration of 1%-1.5%. when crosslinker concentration is
increased, it tends to decrease where the optimum condition is
at concentration of 1.5%. In the initiator variable, waterv
absorbency tends to increase at a concentration of 0.5%-
1.25%, while concentration above 1.25% decrease.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 547.28 Bas s-1 3100018074434 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | superabsorbent, polymerizaztion, grafting,water absorbency |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Adhitiyan Basuki . |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Apr 2020 22:36 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Jun 2020 05:32 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/49856 |
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