Potensi Bioetanol Dari Nira Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer L.) Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif

Ubay, Nisrina Hamidah (2018) Potensi Bioetanol Dari Nira Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer L.) Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan harga minyak dunia akibat krisis bahan bakar serta adanya pencemaran udara memacu untuk menciptakan terobosan energi alternatif baru bahan bakar ramah lingkungan. Salah satunya adalah bioetanol. Nira siwalan adalah salah satu tanaman yang memiliki kandungan gula cukup besar. Pembuatan bioetanol dari nira siwalan dimulai dari proses hidrolisis, fermentasi, dan destilasi. Parameter yang diukur berupa kadar gula, kadar etanol dan karakteristik properti bioetanol seperti viskositas, densitas, flash point dan nilai kalor. Hasil pengukuran parameter dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nira siwalan memiliki kadar etanol sebesar 8% sebelum fermentasi dan 4% setelah fermentasi. Kadar etanol tertinggi hasil destilasi yaitu 93% . Hasil pengujian properties bioetanol berupa densitas sebesar 0,83gr/cm3, viskositas 1,48cSt, flash point <23oC, serta nilai kalor sebesar 5,646Cal/gr. Bioetanol dari nira siwalan memiliki nilai densitas dan viskositas tertinggi dibandingkan dengan bensin dan bioetanol dari eceng gondok dan rumput gajah, sedangkan nilai kalornya terendah. Flash point bioetanol dari nira siwalan memiliki nilai lebih tinggi dari bensin dan lebih rendah dibandingkan bioetanol dari eceng gondok dan rumput gajah.=============== The increases of world oil prices due to the fuel crisis and the air pollution causes new alternative environmentally friendly energy creation. One of the solution is bioethanol. Siwalan sap is a plant that contain appreciable sugar contents. The process of bioethanol from siwalan sap is hydrolysis, fermentation, and distillation. The parameters measured are sugar content, ethanol content, and properties of bioethanol consisting of viscosity, density, flash point, and calorific value. Result of parameters measuring analyzed by quantitative descriptive methods. Results showed that siwalan sap has 8% ethanol content before fermentation and 4% alcohol content after fermentation. While, amount of ethanol content is 93% after advanced distillation. Bioethanol properties test such as 0,83 gr/cm3 density, 1,48 cSt viscosity, <23oC flash point, and 5,646 Cal/gr calorific value. Bioethanol from siwalan sap has the highest on density and viscosity than gasoline and bioethanol from eceng gondok and elephant grass, but lowest on calorific value. Bioethanol from siwalan sap has flash point higher than gasoline but lower than bioethanol from eceng gondok and elephant grass.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioetanol; nira siwalan; uji properties; bioethanol; siwalan sap; properties test
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP339 Ethanol as fuel. Biomass energy.
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Science > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nisrina Hamidah Ubay
Date Deposited:	29 Jan 2018 06:52
Last Modified:	29 Jan 2018 06:52
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/50907

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