Utomo, Muhammad Andry Prio (2018) Bakteri Karbonatogenik Sebagai Agen Biosemen Untuk Alternatif Memperbaiki Retakan Beton. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Beton merupakan struktur bangunan dengan bahan dasar semen yang banyak mengandung CaCO3. Beton dapat mengalami retakan kecil, apabila dibiarkan akan mengakibatkan kerusakan struktur beton. Beberapa metode yang dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki retakan kecil pada beton adalah mengisi dengan filler sintetik. Penggunaan filler sintetik kurang efektif karena aplikasinya lebih dari satu kali dan mudah terdegradasi. Bakteri karbonatogenik dapat membentuk CaCO3, sehingga dapat dijadikan alternatif pengganti filler sintetik. Metode ini lebih ramah lingkungan dan relatif lebih murah. Isolasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode sebar pada medium Calcium Carbonate Precipitation agar. Uji produksi kristal CaCO3 menggunakan metode penimbangan. Karakter kristal CaCO3 divisualisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction dan Scanning Electron Microscopy. Identifikasi spesies bakteri dilakukan secara molekuler dengan marker gen 16S rRNA, rekonstruksi pohon filogenetik dengan menggunakan software MEGA 7.0. Keberadaan gen ureC dalam genom bakteri diketahui melalui PCR. Selanjutnya isolat bakteri karbonatogenik diaplikasikan pada retakan beton dan kemampuan isolat merekatkan retakan beton dicitrakan dengan mikroskop stereo.
Hasil isolasi mendapatkan 6 isolat bakteri yang mampu memproduksi kristal CaCO3 yaitu JA1, JB2, JB3, JA4, AK4, dan SU1. Keenam isolat mampu memproduksi kristal CaCO3 dengan berat diatas 275 mg/50 ml medium CCP cair. Terdapat lima isolat bakteri yang mampu memproduksi kalsit yaitu JA1, JB2, JA4, AK4, dan SU1, dan JB3 yang kristal dengan bentuk vaterit. Berdasarkan marka gen 16S rRNA isolat JA1 merupakan Bacillus huizhouensis, isolat JB2 merupakan Lysinibacillus boronitolerans, isolat JB3 merupakan Bacillus galactosidilyticus, isolat JA4 merupakan Sporosarcina spp., isolat AK4 merupakan Bacillus niacini, dan isolat SU1 merupakan Bacillus lentus. Pada deteksi gen ureC semua isolat uji menunjukkan pita DNA gen ureC dengan berat molekul 340 bp yang mengkode urease sub-unit α. Semua isolat mampu menutup retakan mikro (<0.25 mm) pada beton kecuali JB3, sehingga Isolat JA1, JB2, JA4, AK4, dan SU1 dapat digunakan sebagai agen biofiller retakan beton. Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan isolat tersebut dalam merekatkan beton dibutuhkan suatu perlakuan tambahan, berupa enkapsulasi sel pada matriks pembawa.
================================================================================================================== Concrete is a building structure with cement base material which contains large amount of CaCO3. Microcracks easily appears on concrete surface, yet if it left unchecked can lead to concrete structure damage. Some methods usually used in repairing microcracks on concrete surface are to fill in with the synthetic fillers. The use of synthethic fillers is considered less effective because it requires multiple activity to complete and it is easily degraded. Carbonatogenic bacteria can form CaCO3, so it can be more applicable as an alternative to synthetic filler. This method is considerably more environmental friendly and relatively cheaper. Isolation process was conducted by spread plate methods on Calcium Carbonate Precipitation agar. The test of CaCO3 crystal production was conducted by weighing method. Characters of CaCO3 crystal were visualized by using X-Ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Identification of bacteria species was done molecularly with gene marker of 16S rRNA, the phylogenetic tree of species was reconstructed using MEGA 7.0. The existence of ureC gene in bacterial genome was carried out by PCR methods. Furthermore, isolates were applied on concrete cracks and the bacteria isolate ability in sealing cracks on concrete was visualized using stereo microscopy.
Isolation process obtained 6 bacterial isolates which capable to produce crystal CaCO3, those are isolate JA1, JB2, JB3, JA4, AK4, and SU1. All bacteria isolates are capable to produce CaCO3 crystals more than 275 mg/ 50 ml of liquid CCP medium. There are 5 bacterial isolates that capable to produce calcite form, those are JA1, JB2, JA4, AK4, and SU1, and only JB3 produces crystals with vaterite form. Regarding 16S rRNA sequences, isolate JA1 is Bacillus huizhouensis, JB2 isolate is Lysinibacillus boronitolerans, JB3 isolate is Bacillus galactosidilyticus, JA4 isolate is Sporosarcina spp., AK4 isolate is Bacillus niacini, and SU1 isolate is Bacillus lentus. The result of ureC gene detection represent all bacteria isolates showed 340 bp DNA band which encode α sub-unit of urease. All bacteria isolates capable to seal concrete microcracks (<0.25 mm), except JB3. So that, isolates JA1, JB2, JA4, AK4, and SU1 can be applied as biofiller agent to seal concrete microcracks. In order to increase the ability of bacteria isolates on sealing concrete microcracks, encapsulation into carrier matrix is required.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTBi 579.3 Uto b |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bakteri; biofiller; CaCO3; 16S rRNA; ureC |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QP Physiology > QP624 Molecular biology. Q Science > QR Microbiology T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA440 Concrete--Cracking. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Natural Science > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Utomo Muhammad Andry Prio |
| Date Deposited: | 02 May 2018 02:47 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jun 2020 06:30 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/51148 |
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