Gotama, Bangkit (2015) Kristalisasi Patchouli Alcohol Dari Minyak Nilam Dengan Metode Cooling Crystallization. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Minyak nilam merupakan salah satu komoditas minyak atsiri yang sangat
penting di Indonesia. Namun ada beberapa kendala dalam industri ini sehingga
menyebabkan harga produk minyak yang fluktuatif dan menurunkan daya saing
industri minyak nilam nasional. Salah satu inovasi yang dapat dilakukan untuk
meningkatkan daya saing adalah dengan membuat produk isolat dari minyak
nilam yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi, yaitu patchouli alcohol (PA). Isolasi PA
dari minyak nilam dapat dilakukan dengan kombinasi distilasi fraksinasi dan
kristalisasi dengan pendinginan. Pada proses kristalisasi PA, perlu dilakukan
optimalisasi agar diperoleh PA dengan propertis kristal berkualitas serta
kemurnian yang tinggi. Salah satunya adalah dengan mengaplikasikan teknik
seeding dalam proses kristalisasi PA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui
pengaruh teknik seeding yang meliputi massa seed, ukuran seed dan suhu
penambahan seed dan kecepatan pengadukan terhadap propertis kristal,
kemurnian, recovery PA dan yield kristal. Dalam penelitian ini diawali dengan
proses distilasi fraksinasi vakum minyak nilam. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan
kristalisasi. Lalu produk kristal patchouli alcohol dianalisa untuk mengetahui
kualitasnya kristalnya. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan yaitu dengan
peningkatan massa seed mempengaruhi kenaikan yield kristal, dengan nilai rata –
rata sebesar 1,49% - 3,75%. Peningkatan ukuran seed mempengaruhi penurunan
yield kristal secara signifikan, dengan nilai rata – rata sebesar 5,01% - 7,89%. Dan
peningkatan suhu seeding mempengaruhi yield kristal, dengan rentang nilai rata –
rata sebesar 2,70% - 7,56%. Peningkatan kecepatan pengadukan mempengaruhi
penurunan yield kristal sebesar 17,21%. Peningkatan massa seed mempengaruhi
kenaikan kemurnian kristal patchouli alcohol dengan peningkatan sebesar 6,30%
dan kenaikan recovery patchouli alcohol sebesar 6,28%. Teknik seeding dan
kecepatan pengadukan mempengaruhi distribusi ukuran (panjang) kristal menjadi
bi-modal dan uni-modal dan turut mempengaruhi ukuran rata – rata kristal serta
bentuk kristal yang dihasilkan cenderung berbentuk jarum (needle), balok dan tak
beraturan (irregular).
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Patchouli oil is one of the essential oil commodities are very important in
Indonesia. However there are some constraints in this industry thus causing
patchouli oil prices fluctuated and reduce the competitiveness of Indonesian
patchouli oil’s industry. One innovation that can be done to improve
competitiveness is to create a product isolates of patchouli oil that has a high
value, namely patchouli alcohol (PA). Isolation PA from patchouli oil can be done
with a combination of fractional distillation and cooling crystallization. In the
crystallization of PA, optimization needed in order to obtain PA with high quality
properties and high purity. One of them is to apply seeding technique in
crystallization of PA. This study aims to determine the effect of seeding
techniques which include seed mass, seed size and seeding temperature and
stirring speed on crystal properties, purity, recovery PA and yield crystals. This
study begins with fractional vacuum distillation process of patchouli oil. Then
followed by cooling crystallization. And patchouli alcohol crystal was analyzed to
determine the crystal quality. The results obtained are the increased of seed mass
affects the increase in crystal yield, with average of 1.49% - 3.75%. Increased of
seed size affects decreasing in crystal yield significantly, with average by 5.01% -
7.89%. And increased of seeding temperature affect in crystal yield, with a range
of average of 2.70% - 7.56%. Increased stirring speed affects declining in crystal
yield 17.21%. Increased of seed mass affects increasing in patchouli alcohol
crystal purity with an increase of 6.30% as well as increasing recovery of
patchouli alcohol with an increase of 6.28%. Seeding techniques and stirring
speed affects the crystal size distribution (crystal length) becomes bi-modal and
uni-modal, influence the average crystal size and the crystals tend to form needle,
bar and irregular form.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTK 660.284 298 Got k |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | kristalisasi, patchouli alcohol, minyak nilam, teknik seeding, natural cooling. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mr. Tondo Indra Nyata |
| Date Deposited: | 02 May 2018 05:00 |
| Last Modified: | 02 May 2018 05:00 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/51836 |
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