Muljadi, Jessica (2018) Desain Grha Pemberdayaan dan Aktivitas Individu Autistik di Surabaya dengan Pendekatan Sensory Design. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Individu autistik memiliki karakteristik khusus berupa kepekaan terhadap rangsangan sensori (dalam bentuk hiposensitif maupun hipersensitif) yang menghambat mereka untuk berinteraksi, beradaptasi dalam bekerja, maupun hidup mandiri. Karakteristik ini membutuhkan penanganan khusus dalam mendesain tempat bekerja yang nyaman secara psikologis agar membantu individu autistik belajar beradaptasi. Untuk itu diperlukan penelitian dan perancangan dengan pendekatan arsitektur perilaku yaitu sensory design untuk menggali karakter, kebutuhan, dan potensi individu autistik.
Penelitian dilakukan sebelum merancang menggunakan metode literature searching, interviewing user, dan arrange elements/proposal. Objek penelitian adalah individu autistik dewasa dengan fokus penelitian pada pola perilaku dan dampak rangsangan sensori terhadap perilaku individu autistik. Metode perancangan menggunakan forced-based method, di mana hasil perancangan merespon force utama yang dipilih dari penelitian yaitu kepekaan rangsangan sensori dan kenyamanan psikologis dalam bekerja. Berdasarkan force, ditentukan parameter perancangan yang dibutuhkan dalam membuat kriteria rancang. Kriteria rancang menerjemahkan force menjadi kualitas perancangan yang diinginkan dan digunakan sebagai acuan dalam mengembangkan konsep rancangan tatanan massa, sirkulasi, fasad, kualitas ruang dalam dan kualitas ruang luar.
Hasil yang diperoleh dari desain tesis ini berupa rancangan skematik grha sebagai pemberdayaan dan aktivitas individu autistik di Surabaya berdasarkan identify force menggunakan pendekatan arsitektur perilaku aspek sensory design dan secara tepat sehingga mampu mempengaruhi perilaku individu autistik agar mau belajar beradaptasi dan mandiri. Penelitian menunjukkan visual sebagai rangsangan sensori dominan yang berpengaruh pada individu autistik, sehingga output dari identify force berupa konsep visual experience. Penerapan visual experience pada desain berupa integrasi berbagai jenis ruang (indoor, semi-outdoor, outdoor) menggunakan elemen pembentuk persepsi ruang seperti pencahayaan, warna, ukuran, jarak, kesan terbuka-tertutup dengan transisi ruang halus yang diintegrasikan dengan fungsi bangunan dan perilaku individu autistik guna menghadirkan rangsangan visual berupa persepsi ruang yang beragam. Stimulus sensori pada desain diaplikasikan secara seimbang sesuai kebutuhan agar tidak terjadi over stimulating, seperti penggunaan warna mencolok pada area yang butuh stimulasi aktif, dan warna warm pada area yang butuh stimulasi menenangkan.
Kata kunci : identify force, perilaku, over stimulating, persepsi ruang yang beragam, visual experience.
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People with autism has special characteristic like sensitivity to sensory stimuli (either hyposensitive or hypersensitive), that obstruct them to interacting, adapting at workplace, or having normal life. This characteristic is very important to note when designing a pycologycally comfort working place in order to help them learn to adapt. Therefore, it is necessary to do research and design using behavior architecture approach in sensory design aspect to know their characters, needs, and potentials.
Research done before designing by using literature searching, interviewing user, and arrange elements/proposal method. The research object are adult autistic individuals with research focus on behavioral patterns and the impact of sensory stimuli on autistic individual’s behavior. Force-based used as design method, in which the design respond to the main force selected from the research, like sensitivity of sensory stimuli and psychological comfort in work. Design parameter specified based on force obtained, then used to make design criteria. Design criteria then translated force into desired design quality and used as a reference in order to developed the concept of massing, circulation, facade, indoor space quality and outdoor space quality.
The result obtained from this thesis design was schematic design of community place and empowerment for people with autism at Surabaya based on identify force using behavioral architecture approach with sensory design aspect and applied appropriately in order to affect autistic individual’s behavior to adapt and live independently. Research shows the visual as a dominant sensory stimulus that affects the autistic individual, so output of the identify force is the concept of ‘visual experience’. Visual experience applied to design in the form of integration of various types of space (indoor, semi-outdoor, outdoor) using the elements of perception of space such as lighting, color, size, distance, open-closed impression with soft transition integrated with building function and autistic individual behavior in order to bring visual stimulus in the form of various space perception. Sensory stimulation applied in design balancedly as needed to avoid over-stimulating, for example: the use of bold colors in areas that require active stimulation, and warm colors in areas that require soothing stimulation.
Keywords : identify force, behavior, over stimulating, different space perception, visual experience.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTA 745.401 9 Mul d-1 3100018075514 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | identify force, perilaku, over stimulating, persepsi ruang yang beragam, visual experience, identify force, behavior, over stimulating, different space perception, visual experience |
| Subjects: | N Fine Arts > NA Architecture N Fine Arts > NA Architecture > NA6600 Education buildings |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Architecture, Design, and Planning > Architecture > 23101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muljadi Jessica |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jul 2018 14:17 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Oct 2020 00:37 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/52221 |
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