Muhammad, Bayu Prasetyo and Alfian, Muhammad Reza (2018) Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri Dari Daun Nilam (Pogestemon cablin Benth) Dengan Menggunakan Metode Hydrodistillation Dan Air-Hydrodistillation Skala Pilot. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Minyak nilam sangat potensial untuk diproduksi di Indonesia karena ketersediaan bahan baku yang melimpah di beberapa daerah di Indonesia. Beberapa metode yang umum digunakan untuk memproduksi minyak esensial, seperti minyak nilam, termasuk hydrodistillation dan steam distillation. Secara umum, steam distillation memiliki hasil yang relatif tinggi dibandingkan dengan metode lain, namun, kualitas minyak biasanya tidak layak dalam hal sifat fisik. Sebaliknya, hydrodistillation umumnya menghasilkan hasil yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan steam distillation, namun, kualitas minyaknya cukup baik. Oleh karena itu, ada kebutuhan untuk meningkatkan kinerja dari metode yang ada. Dalam percobaan ini, modifikasi dilakukan dengan menambahkan udara ke dalam sistem sedemikian rupa sehingga lebih banyak minyak nilam dapat diekstraksi. Metode baru ini disebut air-hydrodistillation, di mana kualitas minyak yang layak dapat diperoleh selain hasil yield minyak nilam yang tinggi. Hasil secara umum menunjukkan bahwa air-hydrodistillation memiliki hasil yang lebih tinggi daripada hydrodistillation konvensional. Kondisi ekstraksi yang paling optimal dicapai pada rasio F / S 0,075 dengan bahan utuh dan pada laju alir udara 3 L / menit. Dalam hal kualitas minyak nilam, 46,23% nilam alkohol dalam minyak diidentifikasi sebagai kualitas minyak terbaik, dan itu dicapai dalam kondisi berikut: air-hydrodistillation; bahan cacah; F / S ratio 0,1; 3 L / menit kecepatan aliran udara. Secara umum, semua minyak nilam yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan kedua metode ini, secara analisa fisik berada pada standar yang sudah ada.
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Patchouli oil is very potential to be produced in Indonesia due to the abundant availabality of the raw material in some regions in Indonesia. Some of the commonly used methods for producing essential oils, such as patchuoli oil, include hydrodistillation and steam distillation, respectively. In general, steam distillation has a relatively high yield compared to other methods, however, the oil quality is usually not as decent in terms of the physical properties. Conversely, hydrodistillation generally produces lower yield compared to steam distilation, however, the oil qualty is quite decent. Therefore, there is a need to improve the performance of the existing methods. In this experiment, the modification was done by adding air into the system in such a way that more patchouli oil can be extracted. This new method is called air-hydrodistillation, in which decent oil quality can be obtained in addition to high patchouli oil yield. The result generally show that the air-hydrodistillation has higher yields than the conventional hydrodistillation. The most optimum extraction condition was achieved at the F/S ratio of 0.075 with intact material and at the air flowrate of 3 L/min. In terms of the patchouli oil quality, 46,23% patchouli alcohol in the oil was identified as the best oil quality, and it was achieved in the following conditions: air-hydrodistillation, cut-off material, F/S ratio 0.1, 3 L/min air flowrate. In general, all the patchouli oil produced using these two methods are well within the dtandards in terms of the physical properties.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 660.284 2 Pra e-1 3100018075997 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Air-Hydrodistillation, Nilam, Patchouli Alcohol |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Alfian Muhammad Reza |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Feb 2019 08:29 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Nov 2020 05:05 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/53785 |
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