Syaifuddin, Muhammad Fiqi and Destantyo, Belly Hizkia (2018) Pembuatan Pupuk Organik dari Limbah Pertanian dengan Metode Aerob dan Anaerob. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Saat ini pupuk organik sangat penting untuk pertanian
karena sifatnya yang ramah lingkungan dibandingkan pupuk
anorganik. Meski demikian, teknologi untuk membuat pupuk
organik belum terlalu dikenal oleh petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan
untuk memanfaatkan limbah jagung menjadi pupuk organik untuk
pertumbuhan tanaman. Proses composting dapat dipercepat
dengan penambahan organisme pengurai yaitu effective
microorganism (EM4), Enterobacter dan Azotobacter. Variabel
yang digunakan yaitu komposisi mikroorganisme berdasarkan
jumlah sel EM4: bakteri yaitu 1:1 ; 1:3 ; 3:1, EM4 100%, bakteri
100% dan berdasarkan limbah : campuran bakteri 9:1 dan 8:2.
Proses pengomposan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode
aerob dan anaerob. Untuk metode aerob, digunakan bakteri
Azotobacter Chrococcum dan proses pengomposan dibuat pada
sebuah wadah kayu. Sedangkan untuk metode anaerob digunakan
bakteri Enterobacter Aerogenes dan proses pengomposan dibuat
dengan dibungkus plastic dan dimasukan dalam tong. Parameter
yang dianalisa adalah kandungan carbon (C), nitrogen (N),
phosphor (P), dan kalium (K). Analisa parameter tersebut
dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah proses pengomposan. Kompos
yang telah dibuat akan diaplikasikan untuk pertumbuhan tanamaniv
jagung sebagai pupuk. Dari hasil penelitian, didapatkan hasil
kompos terbaik pada metode aerob adalah pada variabel limbah :
campuran bakteri (8:2), dengan campuran bakteri 100% EM4
dengan kadar C, N, P dan K masing – masing sebesar 18,79%;
1,17%; 1,72%; 1,74%. Sedangkan untuk metode anaerob adalah
pada variabel limbah : campuran bakteri (8:2), dengan campuran
bakteri EM4 : Enterobacter (1:3) dengan kadar C, N, P dan K
masing – masing sebesar 22,35%; 1,31 %; 1,84%; 1,87%.
Sedangkan untuk pertumbuhan tanaman uji jagung, hasil kompos
yang terbaik pada metode aerob adalah pada variabel limbah :
campuran bakteri (9:1), dengan campuran bakteri EM4 :
Azotobacter (3:1) dengan berat buah jagung sebesar 420 gram,
diameter buah jagung sebesar 6,88 cm, panjang tongkol buah
jagung sebesar 16,8 cm dan pertumbuhan rata – rata tinggi
tanaman jagung sebesar 7,75 cm. Sedangkan untuk metode
anaerob adalah pada variabel limbah : campuran bakteri (9:1),
dengan campuran bakteri 100% Enterobacter dengan berat buah
jagung sebesar 440 gram, diameter buah jagung sebesar 6,37 cm,
panjang tongkol buah jagung sebesar 21 cm dan pertumbuhan rata
– rata tinggi tanaman jagung sebesar 8,75 cm.
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Nowadays the organic compost is very important for
farmers because of its environmentally friendly character.
However, the production technology of organic compost is not
well known yet for the farmers. This study aimed to utilize corn
byproduct compost as fertilizer for plants growth. Composting
process was accelerated by addition of composting organism
called as effective microorganism (EM4), Enterobacter and
Azotobacter. Their composition according to amount of cells were
EM4 : microba are 1:1 ; 1:3 ; 3:1, EM4 100%, microba 100% and
according to amount of waste : microorganism 9:1 and 8:2. The
process should be carried out under controlled aerobic and
anaerobic conditions. For aerobic condition, using Azotobacter
Chrococcum and composting process was conducted in wooden
tub. For anaerobic condition, using Enterobacter Aerogenes and
composting process was conducted in plastic. The observed
parameters were carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphor (P), and
potassium (K) content. The parameters was measured before and
after composting process. The resulted compost were applied to
the growing corns as fertilizer. From the result of this experiment
showed that the best compost for aerobic method is on agriculture
byproduct : microba mixture (8:2) variable, with microba mixturevi
are 100% EM4, which the contain of C, N, P, K are 18,79%;
1,17%; 1,72%; 1,74%. For anaerobic method the best compost is
on agriculture byproduct : microba mixture (8:2) variable, with
microba mixture are EM4 : Enterobacter (1:3), which the contain
of C, N, P, K are 22,35%; 1,31 %; 1,84%; 1,87%. For the growth
of maize, the best compost for aerobic method is on agriculture
byproduct : microba mixture (9:1) variable, with microba mixture
are EM4 : Azotobacter (3:1), with the mass of corn is 420 grams,
diameter of corn is 6,88 cm, length of the corn is 16,8 cm and
growth of corn is 7,75 cm. For anaerobic method, the best
compost is on agriculture byproduct : microba mixture (9:1)
variable, with microba mixture are 100% Enterobacter, with the
mass of corn is 440 grams, diameter of corn is 6,37 cm, length of
corn is 21 cm and growth of corn is 8,75 cm.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 631.875 Sya p 3100018076029 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Azotobacter Chrococcum, Enterobacter Aerogenes, pupuk organik, EM4, limbah pertanian, kompos, Azotobacter Chrococcum, Enterobacter Aerogenes, Organic Fertilizer, EM4, Agriculture Byproduct, compost |
| Subjects: | S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S633.5 Fertilizers T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD756.45 Anaerobic treatment T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Fiqi Syaifuddin |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Feb 2019 04:18 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Nov 2020 06:51 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/53835 |
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