Lestari, Mustika Rahayu (2018) Perolehan Kembali Aluminium dari Lumpur PDAM dengan Elektrolisis menggunakan Membran Penukar Anion. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Tingginya kadar aluminium pada lumpur alum PDAM (250 mg/L) memiliki potensi untuk recovery aluminium. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan karakteristik lumpur alum PDAM menentukan kuat arus listrik dan pH optimum dalam proses recovery aluminium dengan proses elektrolisis menggunakan membran penukar anion (AEM).
Sampling lumpur PDAM diambil dari unit clearator IPAM Karang Pilang II. Karakterisasi lumpur meliputi kadar air, alkalinitas, pH, COD, BOD, Total Solids (TS), Total Volatile Solids (TVS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Fixed Solids (TFS), Sludge Volume Index (SVI), kadar logam berat. Sampel lumpur selanjutnya dikeringkan dan dilakukan proses asidifikasi. Asidifikasi dilakukan dengan asam sulfat pada variasi pH 2, 3 dan 4. Proses sentrifugasi selanjutnya dilakukan untuk perolehan supernatan lumpur alum. Hasil asidifikasi digunakan dalam proses elektrolisis dengan katoda perak dan anoda karbon. Uji polarisasi menghasilkan variasi nilai kuat arus yang dapat digunakan, yaitu sebesar 100, 200 dan 300 mA. Proses elektrolisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan reaktor acrylic berkapasitas 0,4 L yang dilengkapi dengan AEM. Sistem aliran reaktor ialah resirkulasi batch. Reaktor dengan 2 kompartemen yang masing-masing berkapasitas 1 L dilengkapi dengan dua buah feed tank. Feed tank I diisi dengan hasil asidifikasi dan diresirkulasikan dengan pompa peristaltik menuju kompartemen I dan berhubungan dengan katoda perak. Feed tank II berisi larutan buffer sesuai dengan pH hasil asidifikasi dan diresirkulasi menuju kompartemen II reaktor dengan menggunakan pompa peristaltik. Kompartemen II berhubungan dengan anoda karbon. Proses elektrolisis dilakukan selama 10 jam. Setiap jam dilakukan pengukuran pH, konduktivitas, TDS dan tegangan listrik.
Hasil karakterisasi lumpur alum PDAM adalah: kadar air 99,08 + 0,69%; alkalinitas 45,83 + 7,22 mg/L HCO3-; pH 7,87 + 0,085; BOD 1.082,47 + 130,00 mg O2/L, COD 9.666,7 + 1.154,70 mg O2/L; TVS 1.733 + 40,623 mg/L; SVI 114,15 + 19,71 mL/g; kadar Al 126.100 mg/kg; Fe 55.400 mg/kg; Cu 59 mg/kg; Cr 23 mg/kg.
Nilai persentase recovery aluminium untuk pH 2 kuat arus listrik 100; 200; 300 mA sebesar 52,04%; 60,15%; 63,97%. Nilai persentase recovery aluminium untuk pH 3 kuat arus listrik 100; 200; 300 mA masing-masing sebesar 51,20%; 61,78%; 74,70%. Nilai persentase recovery aluminium untuk pH 4 kuat arus listrik 100; 200; 300 mA sebesar 26,20%; 33,72%; 34,95%. Persentase recovery aluminium terbesar terdapat pada proses elektrolisis pH 3 kuat arus listrik 300 mA.
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The high content of aluminium in alum sludge of Water Treatment Plant (PDAM) (250 mg/L) has high possibility for aluminium recovery. The objectives of this study are to determine alum sludge characteristics of PDAM, to determine rate of electric current and optimum pH in aluminium recovery process by electrolysis using anion exchange membrane (AEM).
Sampling of sludge from PDAM was taken from clearator unit. Sludge characterization included water content, alkalinity, pH, COD, BOD, Total Solids (TS), Total Volatile Solids (TVS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Fixed Solids (TFS), Sludge Volume Index (SVI), and heavy metal content. The next sludge sample was dried and acidified. Acidification was done using strong sulfuric acid in pH variations of 2, 3, and 4. Then centrifugation process was done to obtain alum sludge supernatant. Acidification result was used in electrolysis process with silver catode and carbon anode. Polarization test result in various usable current rate, which were 100, 200, and 300 mA. Electrolysis process was done by using acrylic reactor with 0,4 L capacity equipped with AEM. The reactor flow system was batch recirculation. The reactor consisted of 2 compartments with 1 L capacity each, equipped with feed tank. Feed tank I was filled with acidification result and recirculated with peristaltic pump to compartment I connected with silver catode. Feed tank II was filled with buffer solution based on the pH of the acidification result and recirculated to reactor compartment II using peristaltic pump. Compartment II was connected with carbon anode. Electrolysis process was run for 10 hours. Measurements of pH, conductivity, TDS, and electric voltage were done every hour. Characterization results for the alum sludge were as follow: water content 99,08 + 0,69%; alkalinity 45,83 + 7,22 mg/L HCO3-; pH 7,87 + 0,085; BOD 1.082,47 + 130,00 mg O2/L; COD 9.666,7 + 1.154,70 mg O2/L; TVS 1.733 + 40,623 mg/L, SVI 114,15 + 19,71 mL/g; Al content 126.100 mg/kg; Fe content 55.400 mg/kg; Cu 59 mg/kg; Cr 23 mg/kg.
Aluminium recovery percentage at pH 2 and electric current 100; 200; 300 mA was 52,04%; 60,15%; 63,97%. Aluminium recovery percentage for pH 3 and electric currents 100; 200; 300 mA were respectively 51,20%; 61,78%; 74,70%. Aluminium recovery percentage for pH 4 and electric current 100; 200; 300 mA was 26,20%; 33,72%; 34,95%. The highest aluminium percentage was observed in electrolysis process at pH 3 and electric current of 300 mA.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSL 628.36 Les p-1 3100018077434 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | AEM, asidifikasi, elektrolisis, recovery aluminium |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD259.2 Drinking water. Water quality T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP255 Electrochemistry, Industrial. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Lestari Mustika Rahayu |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Dec 2020 07:55 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Mar 2021 03:42 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/53849 |
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