Pradnyani, Putu Ayu Widya and Hervina, Destrian (2018) Produksi Biofuel Menggunakan Katalis Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 dari Minyak Kelapa. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Produksi industri minyak bumi nasional semakin hari semakin menurun. Pada tahun 2014, produksi minyak bumi hanya sekitar 789 ribu bpd atau menurun menjadi 96% dibandingkan tahun 2013 sebesar 824 ribu bpd. Sumber energi alternative sangat diperlukan sebagai pengganti bahan bakar dengan menggunakan minyak nabati yang biasa disebut dengan biofuel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pembuatan katalis Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 dengan metode incipient wetness impregnation, mengetahui pengaruh suhu reaksi, waktu reaksi terhadap yield yang dihasilkan dari reaksi hydrocracking, mengetahui nilai kinetika dari reaksi hydrocracking minyak kelapa. Katalis yang digunakan pada proses hydrocracking adalah zeolite HZSM-5 dan logam Ni-Fe. Variabel yang digunakan suhu operasi di dalam proses hydrocracking yaitu suhu 350OC, 375OC,dan 400OC dengan perbandingan katalis Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 1:1 dan loading 10%. Karakterisasi katalis menggunakan BET, EDX dan XRD. Produk biofuel dianalisa dengan GC-MS. Pada katalis Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 (10%, 1:1), terlihat adanya puncak baru pada sudut 2Ɵ = 44,6068o yang menunjukan logam Fe, sudut 2Ɵ = 44,508o yang menunjukkan logam Ni. Dari analisa BET dan EDX katalis Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 loading 10% ratio 1:1 terdapat penurunan nilai surface area menjadi 312,909 m2/g. Yield gas oil, dan kerosene pada proses pembuatan biofuel mencapai nilai terbesar 68,576% dan 37,789% pada suhu 375C.Yield gasoline muncul pada suhu 350 oC sebesar 0,836%. Reaksi hydrocracking ini memiliki nilai konstanta reaksi sebesar 0,0057 [(liter/mol)0,1menit] pada suhu 350oC, 0.009[(liter/mol)0,1menit] pada suhu 375 oC, 0,0094 [(liter/mol)0,1menit] pada suhu 400 oC. Orde reaksi pada reaksi ini mendekati 1 dan semakin meningkatnya suhu reaksi maka konstanta laju reaksi akan semakin meningkat. Nilai energi aktivasi dari proses hydrocracking sebesar 35,799 KJ/mol
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National petroleum industry's production is decrease daily, In 2014, the production of petroleum is only about 789 thousand bpd or decreased up to 96% compared to 2013 amounted to 824 thousand bpd. Alternative energy sources really needed as a
substitute for fuel by using vegetable oils commonly referred to as biofuels. This research aim to study the preparation of Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 Catalyst by incipient wetness impregnation method, knowing the effect of reaction temperature, time to yield resulting
from hydrocracking reaction, determine the value of kinetics of hydrocracking reaction of coconut oil. Catalyst used in the hydrocracking process are zeolite HZSM-5 and Ni-Fe metals. The operation temperature used in hydrocrcking process are 350 OC, 375 OC and 400
OC, with ratio of metal 1:1 and 10% loading.
Catalyst is characterized by XRD, BET, and EDX. The biofuel product is analyzed by GC-MS. On Ni-Fe / HZSM-5 (10% 1:1)catalysts, a new peak at 2Ɵ = 44,6068o indicated Fe metal, angle 2Ɵ = 44,508 o indicated Ni metal. From BET and EDX analysis of Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst with loading 10% and ratio 1:1 brings about a decrease the value of the surface area is 312,909 m2/g. Yield gas oil and kerosene of biofuel process production reached
the largest value of 68.576% and 37.789% at 375OC. Gasoline yield appears at 350OC in the amount of 0.863%. This hydrocracking reaction has a constant reaction value of 0.0057 [(liter/mol)0,1min]
at 350OC, 0.009[(liter/mol)0,1min] at 375OC and 0.0094 [(liter/mol) 0,1min] at 400OC. The reaction order in
this reaction is close to 1 and the reaction temperature increases, the reaction rate constant will increase.
The activation energy value of the hydrocracking process is 35.799 KJ / mol.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 662.88 Pra p 3100018076032 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | biofuel, minyak kelapa, Hydrocracking. HZSM-5, biofuel, coconut oils, Hydrocracking |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP343 Liquid and gaseous fuel |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Hervina Destrian |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Feb 2019 07:06 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Nov 2020 02:59 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/53954 |
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