Sari, Tri Wahyuning Eka Purnama and Nugraeny, Martiana (2018) Pengolahan Limbah Molases Sebagai Sumber Energi Listrik Serta Reduksi Logam Berat Cr (VI) dengan Reaktor Dual Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Sistem Kontinyu. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sekarang ini kebutuhan dan ketergantungan manusia akan energi listrik semakin meningkat. Sedangkan, bahan bakar fosil sebagai sumber energi yang tidak dapat diperbarui mulai terbatas. Disisi lain, limbah industri semakin bertambah seiring dengan semakin pesatnya perkembangan teknologi. Salah satunya adalah limbah molases yang masih mempunyai kandungan sukrosa sebesar 55% dan mempunyai potensi untuk digunakan sebagai sumber energi alternatif. Limbah industri lainnya yaitu limbah logam berat Cr(VI) yang merupakan zat pencemar reaktif dan bersifat toksik bagi manusia. Salah satu energi alternatif yang sangat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan adalah fuel cell yang berbasis biologi. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) merupakan teknologi yang mengkonversi energi kimia ke energi listrik dengan bantuan reaksi katalitik dari mikroorganisme. Sehingga, perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan judul “Pengolahan Limbah Molases Sebagai Sumber Energi Listrik Serta Reduksi Logam Berat Cr (VI) dengan Reaktor Dual Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Sistem Kontinyu”. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan bakteri dalam limbah organik molases pada sisi anoda dan larutan K2Cr2O7 pada sisi katoda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses produksi bio-listrik menggunakan Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) dengan konsentrasi bakteri yang tepat dan mengetahui penurunan kandungan kromium setelah proses bio-listrik. Proses bio-listrik ini dilakukan dengan dual-chamber reactor yang dihubungkan dengan jembatan garam dan terdapat elektroda di setiap chamber yang dihubungkan dengan kabel tembaga. Digunakan limbah organik (molases) dengan konsentrasi bakteri Shewanella oneidensis 12,5 % (v/v) dan konsentrasi awal larutan Cr(VI) yaitu 8 mg/L. Variabel penelitian berupa ratio recycle yaitu rate recycle : rate feed masuk sebesar 0,525; 0,6; 0;75 dan 0,85 serta pH pada ruang katoda yaitu 3 dan 4 Hasil berupa power density diukur dengan multimeter, limbah organik setelah proses bio-listrik dianalisa kandungan BOD dan larutan K2Cr2O7 dianalisa kandungan kromium pada masing-masing variabel, kemudian dibandingkan kondisi yang paling optimal. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan power density dalam setiap ratio recycle untuk pH 3 yaitu ±6,5 mW/m2; ±33 mW/m2; ±6 mW/m2 dan ±1 mW/m2 sedangkan untuk pH 4 yaitu ±3,2 mW/m2; ±2,6 mW/m2; ±7 mW/m2 and ±2 mW/m2. Reduksi logam Cr(VI) hampir 100% dalam setiap variabel recycle ratio yaitu 0; 0,04; 0,097 dan 0,09 mg/L untuk pH 3 serta 0,069; 0,099; 0,059 dan 0,078 mg/L untuk pH 4. Sedangkan, pengurangan nilai BOD yaitu 17,89; 55,79; 28,26 dan 51,94% untuk pH 3 serta 81,25; 77,98 ; 67,28 dan 61% untuk pH 4. Dari penelitian ini, didapatkan hasil yang paling optimal untuk produksi listrik serta reduksi logam Cr(VI) yaitu pada ratio recycle 0,6 dan pH 3 di katoda. Recycle ratio tidak sebanding dengan penurunan konsentrasi limbah Cr(VI) di katoda maupun produksi listrik di anoda. Selain itu, semakin rendah pH di katoda, produksi listrik yang dihasilkan dan jumlah logam Cr(VI) yang tereduksi semakin tinggi.
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Nowadays human needs and dependence on electrical energy is increasing. Meanwhile, fossil fuels as a non-renewable energy source are limited. In the other side, industrial waste is increasing along with the rapid development of technology. One of them is molasses waste that still has a sucrose content of 55% and has the potential to be used as an alternative energy source. Other industrial waste is heavy metal waste Cr (VI) that is a reactive pollutant and toxic to humans. One of alternative energy that very potential to be developed is fuel cell biology-based. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a technology that convert chemical energy to electrical energy with catalytic reaction from microorganism. Thus, it is necessary to do research with the topic “Molases Wastewater Treatment As a Source of Electrical Energy and Heavy Metal Reduction of Cr (VI) with Dual Chamber Reactor Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Continuous System”. The research method using bacteria in organic waste on anode compartment and K2Cr2O7 solution on cathode compartment. This research aims are to assess the production process of bio-electrical using Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) with the appropriate bacteria concentration and determine the chromium content decrease after bio-electrical process. Bio-electrical process using dual-chamber reactor which are connected by salt bridge and there are electrode in each chamber which connected by copper wire. Used organic waste (molasses) with the concentration of Shewanella oneidensis 12.5% (v/v) and the initial concentration of Cr (VI) solution is 8 mg/L. The research variables are recycle ratio (recycle rate: fresh feed rate) of 0,525; 0.6; 0,75 and 0.85 and pH at the cathode compartment are 3 and 4 The result of power density measured by multimeter, organic waste after the bio-electric process analyzed the content of BOD and K2Cr2O7 solution analyzed chromium content in each variable, then compared the most optimal conditions. The results of this experiment showed the power density in each recycle ratio for pH 3 are ± 6.5 mW/m2; ± 33 mW/m2; ± 6 mW/m2 and ± 1 mW/m2 while for pH 4 are ± 3.2 mW/m2; ± 2.6 mW/m2; ± 7 mW/m2 and ± 2 mW/m2. The reduction of Cr (VI) metal are almost 100% in each recycle ratio variable that are 0; 0.04; 0.097 and 0.09 mg/L for pH 3 and 0.069; 0.099; 0.059 and 0.078 mg/L for pH 4. Meanwhile, the reduction of BOD value are 17.89; 55.79; 28.26 and 51.94% for pH 3 and 81.25; 77.98; 67.28 and 61% for pH 4. From this research, the most optimal results that obtained for electricity production and reduction of Cr (VI) metal that is in the recycle ratio of 0.6 and pH 3 in the cathode compartment. The recycle ratio is not proportional to the decrease of Cr (VI) waste concentration in the cathode as well as the production of electricity in the anode. In addition, the lower pH at the cathode, the higher production of electricity and reduced amount of Cr (VI) metal.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 610.284 Nug p 3100018076033 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | bio-listrik, Shewanella oneidensis, microbial fuell cell, reduksi logam Cr, bio-electrical, Shewanella oneidensis, microbial fuell cell, reduction of Cr metal |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2931 Fuel cells T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Tri Wahyuning Eka Purnama Sari |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Feb 2019 05:30 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Nov 2020 04:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/53990 |
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