Fitriana, Rovita Harim Bharadela (2018) Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Silinder Pengganggu Terhadap Performa Turbin Angin Savonius "Studi Kasus untuk Perbandingan d/D = 0,2; Jarak S/D = 1,6; y/D = 0,0; 0,25; 0,5; Bilangan Reynolds = 97000, 145000, dan 178000". Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Indonesia merupakan negara dengan jumlah penduduk terbanyak ke-4 di dunia. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk mengakibatkan peningkatan kebutuhan energi. Energi fosil yang menjadi energi dominan menunjukkan penurunan produksi setiap tahunnya. Hal ini menuntut untuk memanfaatkan energi baru terbarukan salah satunya energi angin. Energi kinetik yang dimiliki oleh energi angin dapat dikonversi menjadi energi lain seperti listrik atau mekanik dengan menggunakan turbin angin. Turbin angin Savonius bekerja dengan memanfaatkan perbedaan dari gaya drag pada advancing blade dan returning blade. Perbedaan gaya drag antara kedua sudu menghasilkan torsi yang akan membuat rotor berputar. Namun, turbin Savonius memiliki efisiensi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan turbin angin lainnya. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan performa turbin angin Savonius yaitu dengan menambahkan silinder pengganggu di depan returning blade dengan variasi posisi (y/D).
Penelitian dilakukan pada aliran eksternal dengan sumber aliran udara berasal dari axial fan yang diseragamkan dengan honeycomb. Turbin angin Savonius yang digunakan berdiameter sudu (D) = 165,2 mm, tinggi (H) = 294,4 mm, diameter poros (b) = 19 mm, dan diameter end plates (D0) = 321 mm. Silinder pengganggu diletakkan di depan returning blade pada jarak (S/D) = 1,6 yang memiliki diameter (d) = 32,2 mm dan tinggi (h) = 500 mm. Penelitian ini dilakukan variasi rasio posisi silinder pengganggu dalam arah tegak lurus arah datang angin terhadap diameter sudu turbin angin Savonius (y/D) = 0,0; 0,25; 0,5. Penelitian dilakukan dengan variasi bilangan Reynolds sebesar 97000, 145000, dan 178000 yang dihitung berdasarkan kecepatan aliran udara dan panjang karakteristik (L = 2D-b). Pengukuran kecepatan aliran udara menggunakan anemometer. Pengukuran putaran turbin menggunakan tachometer. Kemudian pengukuran torsi statis menggunakan torque meter dan torsi dinamis menggunakan brake dynamometer. Besarnya daya output turbin dihitung dari kecepatan putaran dan torsi dinamis.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menambahkan silinder pengganggu di depan returning blade dapat meningkatkan performa turbin angin Savonius. Hal ini berdasarkan peningkatan nilai kecepatan rotasi turbin, torsi statis turbin, coefficient of power, dan coefficient of moment dengan penambahan silinder pengganggu di depan returning blade dengan variasi posisi (y/D) dibandingkan turbin angin Savonius tanpa silinder pengganggu. Peningkatan coefficient of power tertinggi diperoleh pada bilangan Reynolds = 178000 dengan penambahan silinder pengganggu pada posisi y/D = 0,5 dan jarak S/D = 1,6 diperoleh peningkatan CoP maksimum sebesar 34,12%. Penambahan silinder pengganggu pada jarak y/D = 0,5 dan Re =178000 secara efektif meningkatkan torsi statis sebesar 9,77% dari tanpa silinder pengganggu.
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Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world. An increase in population leads to an increase in energy demand. The fossil energy that becomes the dominant energy shows a decrease in production every year. It demands to utilize renewable energy one of them wind energy. Kinetic energy possessed by wind energy can be converted into other energy such as electricity or mechanical by using wind turbine. Savonius wind turbine works by utilizing the difference from the drag force on advancing blade and returning blade. The difference in drag force between the two blades produces a torque that will cause the rotor to rotate. However, the Savonius turbine has a lower efficiency than other wind turbines. One way to improve the performance of the Savonius wind turbine is by adding a disturbance cylinder in front of the returning blade with the position variation (y / D).
The study was conducted on an external stream with an air flow source derived from an axial fan with honeycomb as flow rectifier. Savonius wind turbine has a diameter of blade (D) = 165,2 mm, height (H) = 294,4 mm, width of overlap (b) = 19 mm, and diameter of end plates (D0) = 321 mm. The disturbance cylinder is placed in front of the returning blade at distance (S/D) = 1.6 which has diameter (d) = 32,2 mm and height (h) = 500 mm. This research was conducted by variation of position perpendicular to the wind direction of the disturbance cylinder relative to the blade diameter (y/D) = 0.0; 0.25; 0.5. The research was conducted with Reynolds number varied of 97000, 145000 and 178000 which was calculated based on airflow velocity and characteristic length (L = 2D-b). Measurement of airflow velocity using an anemometer. Measurement of turbine rotation using tachometer. Then static torque measurement using torque meter and dynamic torque using brake dynamometer. The amount of turbine output power is calculated from the speed of rotation and dynamic torque.
The results showed that installing the disturbance cylinder in front of the returning blade could improve the performance of the Savonius wind turbine. This is based on an increase in the value of turbine rotation speed, turbine static torque, coefficient of power, and coefficient of moment. The highest increase of coefficient of power was obtained at Reynolds number = 178000 for the position y/D = 0.5 and distance S/D = 1.6 obtained maximum CoP increase of 34,12%. The installation of the disturbance cylinder at a distance y/D = 0.5 and Re = 178000 effectively increased static torque to 9.77% compared with the result without the disturbance cylinder.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | coefficient of power, putaran turbin, silinder pengganggu, torsi dinamis, torsi statis, turbin angin Savonius |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ828 Wind turbines |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Rovita Harim Bharadela Fitriana |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jun 2021 02:48 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Jun 2021 02:48 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/54198 |
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