Aslam, Ardha and Bahauddin, Faris (2018) Sintesis dan Uji Karakteristik Adsorpsi Cellulose Acetate/Poly (L-Lactic Acid) Beads Untuk Pemisahan Zat Warna. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pembuangan limbah pewarna sintetis yang tidak diolah dari berbagai industri menyebabkan masalah lingkungan yang serius. Teknik pemisahan zat warna yang paling banyak digunakan adalah metode adsorpsi. Selulosa adalah zat yang menunjukkan potensi yang baik sebagai adsorben zat warna. Modifikasi adsorben berbasis selulosa dapat meningkatkan kapasitas adsorpsinya (Q). Salah satu teknik modifikasi selulosa adalah dengan menggunakannya sebagai biokomposit. Biokomposit yang terdiri dari cellulose acetate (CA) dan poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) memiiliki potensi yang baik dalam pemisahan zat warna. Biokomposit beads dibuat melalui metode solvent blending dengan mengencerkan CA dalam campuran aseton / DMSO dan PLLA dalam kloroform yang kemudian dicampur dan dibentuk menjadi beads dengan teknik dropping ke dalam aquadest. Rasio berat polimer dalam larutan adalah 10% dan 15%. Komposisi CA / PLLA yang berhasil dibentuk menjadi beads adalah 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, dan 70/30 dalam rasio berat. Adsorpsi ekuilibrium secara batch dilakukan untuk mempelajari kinetika adsorpsi, efek komposisi dan rasio pelarut biokomposit beads, efek pH, suhu, dan konsentrasi larutan zat warna, serta dosis adsorben yang digunakan pada proses adsorpsi. Konsentrasi akhir larutan setelah adsorpsi diukur dengan metode spektrofotometri. Efek penambahan poly(l-lactic acid)-graft-maleic anhydrate (PLLA-g-MA) dalam biokomposit juga dipelajari. Morfologi dan gugus fungsi dari beads dianalisis dengan scanning electron microscopy (SEM) dan Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Waktu proses adsorpsi adalah 32 jam dimana waktu equilibrium telah tercapai. Data kinetika yang didapat sesuai dengan model pseudo-first-order Lagergren. Hasil adsorpsi menunjukkan bahwa secara umum semakin besar rasio PLLA pada beads yang digunakan, daya serap dan %removal (%R) beads semakin besar. Penambahan PLLA-g-MA umumnya meningkatkan kapasitas adsorpsi. Kapasitas adsorpsi dan % removal terbaik diperoleh pada pH 7 dan suhu 30ᴼC. Peningkatan konsentrasi awal larutan zat warna (Co) akan meningkatkan kapasitas adsorpsi dan memperkecil % removal. Peningkatan dosis bead akan memperkecil kapasitas adsorpsi dan meningkatkan % removal. Kapasitas adsorpsi tertinggi diperoleh pada CA/(PLLA/PLA-g-MA) (90/10) 15% dengan Q sebesar 7,29 mg/g pada Co 80 mg/L dan dosis bead 2 g/L pada pH 7 dan suhu 30ᴼC. Sedangkan % removal terbesar didapat pada CA/(PLLA/PLA-g-MA) (90/10) 15% yang mempunyai % removal sebesar 76,52% konsentrasi awal zat warna 20 mg/L dan dosis bead 20g/L beads pada pH 7 dan suhu 30ᴼC. Dari hasil FTIR terlihat bahwa sintesis CA/PLLA dan CA/(PLLA/PLLA-g-MA) berhasil dilakukan. Hasil SEM memperlihatkan pori-pori beads yang sebelumnya terlihat jelas menjadi tertutup.
=========================================================================The disposal of untreated synthetic dye wastes from various industries causes serious environmental problems. The most widely used dye separation technique is adsorption. Cellulose is a substance that shows great potential as dye adsorbents. Modification of cellulose-based adsorbents can increase their adsorption capacity. One of the cellulose modification techniques is apply it as a biocomposite. Biocomposites consist of cellulose acetate (CA) and poly (l-lactic acid) (PLLA) have great potential in dye separation. The biocomposites were prepared through solvent blending method by diluting CA in acetone/DMSO mixture and PLLA in chloroform which then blended and formed into beads with dropping technique into aquadest. The polymers weight ratio in the solution were 10 % and 15%. The compositions of CA/PLLA that can be formed into beads were 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, and 70/30 in weight ratio. Batch equilibrium adsorption was carried out to study adsorption kinetics, composition effects and solvent biocomposite beads ratio, pH effect, temperature, and dye solution concentration, and adsorbent dose used in the adsorption process. The final solution concentration after adsorption measured with spectrophotometry. The effect of addition of poly (l-lactic acid) - graft - maleic anhydrate (PLLA-g-MA) in biocomposites was also studied. The morphology and functional groups of beads were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The adsorption time was 32 hours which already surpass the equilibrium time. The kinetics data obtained correspond well with Lagergren’s pseudo-first-order model. The adsorption results show that generally increasing the PLLA ratio in beads lead to greater absorption capacity (Q) and dye removal percentage (%R). The addition of PLLA-g-MA generally increases the adsorption capacity. The highest adsorption capacity and % removal was obtained at pH 7 and temperature 30ᴼC. An increase in the initial concentration of the dye solution will increase the adsorption capacity and reduce the % removal. Increased dosage of beads will increase % removal beads and decrease adsorption capacity. The highest adsorption capacity was obtained by CA/(PLLA/PLA-g-MA) (90/10) 15% which had Q of 7,29 mg/g at initial dye concentration (Co) of 80 mg/L and a adsorbent dose of 2 g/L with initial pH of dye solution at 7 and a temperature of 30 ° C. While the largest % removal was obtained by CA/(PLLA/PLA-g-MA) (90/10) 15% which had % removal of 76,52% with initial concentration of 20 mg/L dye and bead dose of 20g/L with initial pH of dye solution 7 and temperature 30ᴼC. The FTIR results show that synthesis of CA/PLLA and CA/(PLLA/PLLA-g-MA) are successful. The SEM results show beads pore before adsorption that clearly visible being covered after the adsorption.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | adsorption, dye, biocomposite, beads, cellulose acetate, poly(l-lactic acid) |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ardha Fanani Aslam |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jun 2021 07:39 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jun 2021 07:39 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/54373 |
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