Yosafat, Reinhart (2018) Comparing Total Fuel Consumptions of a Ship between East Asia and European Countries Travelling the Conventional Route Versus the North-East Passage. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Isu pemanasan global menjadi isu linkungan paling fenomenal beberapa tahun terakhir. Selama satu dekade terakhir, suhu bumi naik secara konsan sebesar 0,74 ° Celsius dan membuat Kutub Utara dan Kutub Selatan meleleh [2].Beberapa orang berasumsi bahwa pemanasan global memberikan dampak buruk kepada manusia. Tetapi, seorang pengusaha yang secara spesifik bergerak di bidan logistic dan pelayaran menyadari bahwa efek melelehnya es di kutub dapat memperpendek jarrah tempuh dari Negara di Asia Timur menuju Eropa. Melelehnya es di Kutub Utara, membuka jalur baru yang disebut Pelayaran Jalur Artik.
Ide dalam penelitian ini adalah membandingkan 2 rute, yaitu rute konvensional melalui terusan Suez dan menggunakan Jalur Artik yang menghubungkan negara Asia Timur dan Eropa. Membandingkan total tahanan kapal, kebutuhan bahan bakar serta perbandingan harga bahan bakar kapal menjadi topik utama dalam penelitan ini.
Hasil dari penilitian ini, total bahan bakar yang dibutuhkan pada jalur Suez adalah 5810,231215 ton dengan waktu tempuh 596,15 jam maka dalam 1 jam pengoperasian membutuhkan 9,74625 ton bahan bakar. Dengan menggunakan jalur Artik, sebuah kapal dapat memangkas jarak perjalanan sebesar 1900 mil laut atau setara 17% dari jalur konvensional. Ada 2 metode umum untuk menghitung tahanan kapal ketika beroperasi pada kondisi es, metode Lindqvist dan Riska. Ketika kapal ingin menghemat 20% bahan bakar (Lindqvist method : 4621,58 tons ; Riska Method : 4670,82 tons) dibandingkan dengan rute konvensional, sebuah kapal hanya mampu menghemat 5% dari waktu operasional (membutuhkan 565,367 jam untuk melewati Jalur Artik). Kemudian, ketika kapal menaikan kecepatan dan menghemat 11% waktu operasional (528,03 jam), kapal mampu mengehmat bahan bakar sampai 9% dari jalur konvensional (Lindqvist Method 5270,615 tons ; Riska Method 5322,38 tons).
Pembelian bahan bakar kapal di jalur konvensional dilakukan di Hongkong, Port Klan dan Piraues dengan harga $463,$460 dan $467 berurutan. Terusan Suez dimiliki oleh sebuah negara, oleh karena itu kapal harus membayar pajak ketika melewatinya. Biaya yang harus dikeluarkan untuk melewati jalur konvensional adalah $2.997.496,754. Jalur Artik dianggap sebagai perairan internasional, sehingga tidak ada pajak. Pembelian bahan bakar dilakukan di Hamburg dan perairan Rusia dengan harga $ 447 dan $400 berurutan. Total biaya yang dikeluarkan adalah $1.962.466 . Penggunaan Jalur ini bisa menghemat biaya sebesar 35% atau setara $1.035.031 . ============================================================================================
Global Warming is the most compelling environmental issues in the world recently. Almost a century, the temperature increased 0,74° Celsius and made the ice in North and South Pole melt in high rate.
Some people say that global warming brings the negative effect for the society, however businessman especially in shipping and logistic industries believe that the melting ice process will shorten the distance between East Asia Countries and European Countries. Melting ice in Artic Sea, open a new route, called Northeast Passage. Using Northeast Passage will reduce distance and time of the voyage.
The big idea of this thesis is to compare 2 routes between Northeast Passage and Suez Canal for delivering cargoes from East Asia countries to European Countries or vice versa. Comparing total resistance, total fuel consumption and total cost for bunkering and additional charges are the main topic on this bachelor thesis.
Results of this bachelor thesis, total fuel consumption for conventional route is 5810,231215 tons with operational hours of a vessel is 596,15 hours and the total fuel consumption per hour is 9,74625 tons / hour. By using Northeast Passage, a vessel can reduce 1900 nautical miles or saves 17% from the normal distance. There are 2 methods for calculating the resistance of the ship when passing through ice condition, Lindqvist and Riska method. If a vessel wants to save 20% of their fuel consumption (Lindqvist method : 4621,58 tons ; Riska Method : 4670,82 tons) compared to conventional route, a vessel just only save 5% of their operational hour (needs 565,367 hours to travel Northeast Passage). Then, if a vessel wants to speed up and save 11% (528,03 hours) of the operational hour it reduces the saving of fuel consumption to 9% (Lindqvist Method 5270,615 tons ; Riska Method 5322,38 tons).
Bunkering Plan at conventional route is occurred at Hongkong Port, Port Klang and Piraeus Port with price 463 USD, 460 USD and 467 USD respectively. Suez Canal is controlled by a country so a vessel needs to pay some money for passing through the canal. The total price that needed to be paid for conventional route is 2.997.496,754 USD.Northeast Passage is considered as International water because there is too much complexity about the declaration. So, there is no taxes for a vessel when passing through the passage. Bunkering is occurred at Hamburg and one of Port in Russsian Coastline with price 447 USD at Hamburg and 400 USD at Russian. 1962466 USD needs to be paid for a vessel passing through Northeast Passage from Hamburg to Hongkong. The usage of Northeast Passage can saves 35% of expense or equivalentto 1035031 USD.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Yosafat Reinhart |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Jul 2021 21:45 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jul 2021 21:45 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/56635 |
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