Ariyanto, Dwi (2019) Analisis Kegagalan Pipa Elbow dari High Pressure Heater (HPH) ke Deaerator pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap adalah salah satu pemasok listrik terbesar di Indonesia. Sehingga harus beroperasi setiap hari yang bisa mengakibatkan kegagalan pada komponen – komponennya. Umumnya suatu kegagalan berkaitan dengan adanya perpatahan, keausan, dan pengikisan. Salah satu contohnya adalah lubang pada pipa elbow dari High Pressure Heater (HPH) ke Deaerator karena pengikisan yang mengakibatkan kebocoran. Analisis ini dimulai dari pengamatan visual untuk mengetahui bentuk dari benda uji. Kemudian pengukuran dilakukan untuk mengetahui dimensi dari benda uji. Selanjutnya dilakukan wall thickness test untuk mengetahui profil ketebalan dari benda uji. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian metalografi untuk mengetahui struktur mikro. Dan yang terakhir dilakukan pengujian spectrometry untuk mengetahui komposisi kimia.
Berdasarkan analisis ini, didapatkan hasil berupa penyebab kegagalan yang terjadi yaitu pengikisan karena adanya proses korosi erosi oleh aliran dua fasa (steam dan air). Dan mekanisme kegagalannya dimulai dari aliran dua fasa menabrak permukaan dalam pipa dan mengakibatkan pengikisan. Selanjutnya, kontak antara besi (Fe) dengan air mengakibatkan korosi. Hal tersebut terjadi secara terus menerus hingga terjadilah lubang hanya dalam waktu 7 tahun dari awal mula pipa digunakan.
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The Steam Power Plant is one of the largest electricity suppliers in Indonesia. The Steam Power Plant with the rankine cycle system continues to operate every day which results in failure of its components. Generally a failure is related to the existence of fracture, wear and tear. One example is the hole in the elbow pipe from High Pressure Heater (HPH) to the Deaerator because of erosion which results in leakage.
This analysis starts from visual observation to find out the shape of the test object. Then measurements are taken to determine the dimensions of the test object. Next is a wall thickness test to determine the thickness profile of the specimen. Then metallographic testing was carried out to determine the microstructure. And the last spectrometry test is carried out to determine whether or not there are additional chemical elements.
Based on this analysis, the results obtained in the form of the cause of failure that occurs is erosion due to the erosion corrosion process by the flow of two phases (steam and water). And the mechanism of failure begins with the flow of two phases crashing into the surface of the pipe and resulting in erosion. Furthermore, contact between iron (Fe) and water results in corrosion. This happened continuously until a hole occurred in just 7 years from the start of the pipe being used.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 621.312 132 Ari a-1 2019 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | failure analysis, elbow pipe, high pressure heater, deaerator. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263 Heat exchangers T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ935 Pipe--Fluid dynamics. Tubes--Fluid dynamics |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Dwi Ariyanto |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Aug 2021 08:56 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Aug 2021 08:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/60967 |
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