Riansyah, Arif (2019) Desain Desalination Production Vessel (DPV) untuk Mengatasi Kekurangan Air Tawar di Pulau Madura. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sepanjang tahun 2017, menurut data yang dilansir oleh Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD), terdapat sedikitnya 323 dusun dari 80 desa di 13 kecamatan yang masuk pada data rawan krisis air bersih pada tahun 2017. Terjadinya kekurangan air di Pulau Madura seakan menjadi hal yang lumrah dan sulitnya akses menyebabkan distribusi air bersih oleh BPBD menjadi sulit. Salah satu solusi untuk menanggulangi kekurangan air di Pulau Madura dapat dilakukan secara konvensional yaitu dengan mengiriman truk air ke daerah-daerah yang kekurangan air. Solusi tersebut gencar dilakukan dan terbukti kurang efektif karena akses jalan di Madura yang masih kurang baik dan kurang aman. Kondisi Pulau Madura yang dikelilingi oleh laut dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai akses baru penyedian air di seluruh pulau Madura. Payload dari Desalination Production Vessel (DPV) didapatkan berdasarkan kekurangan air setiap harinya. Didapatkan kebutuhan air di Madura mencapai 40.000 m^3, dengan mempertimbangkan sarat di sekitar pantai Pulau Madura maka didapatkan payload DPV sebesar 20.000 m^3 dengan jumlah 2 unit DPV dan produksi air tawar harian mencapai 40.000 m^3. Selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan teknis berupa perhitungan berat, trim, freeboard, dan stabilitas dan didapatkan ukuran utama kapal yang meliputi; Lbp =112,5 m; B = 26 m; H = 11 m; T = 9 m. Tinggi freeboard minimum sebesar 2169,46 mm dengan tonnase kapal mencapai 10.807,43 GT. Kondisi stabilitas kapal dihitung dengan menggunakan kriteria stabilitas sesuai dengan jumlah load case dan didapatkan hasil yang memenuhi kriteria. Analisis ekonomis yang dilakukan dengan membandingkan 3 jenis kondsi sehingga menghasilkan harga air tawar paling optimum adalah Rp. 7.500,00/m^3 dengan memperhitungkan Total Capital Investment (TCI) yang bernilai Rp.134.241.973.559,97,- dan General Expenses yang bernilai Rp.23.479.569.494,00,- untuk selanjutnya didapatkan nilai Feasibility Investment yang terdiri dari Internal Rates of Return (IRR) = 17,65%; Net Present Value (NPV)= Rp.41.598.492.770,66; PP= 9,20 tahun; dan Breakeven Point (BEP) pada tahun ke-9,20 dengan jumlah penjualan mencapai Rp.24.188.411.035,67. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan DPV lebih layak dibandingkan 2 kondisi lainnya dengan jumlah produksi yang optimum untuk 2 unit DPV adalah 40.000 m^3.
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Throughout 2017, according to data reported by Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daaerah (BPBP), there were at least 323 hamlets from 80 villages in 13 sub-districts included in the 2017 water crisis data prone. The occurrence of water shortage on Madura Island seemed to be a common thing meanwhile the difficulty of access has made the distribution of fresh water by BPBD become difficult. One solution to overcome water shortages on the Madura Island can be done conventionally by sending water trucks to areas that lack of water. The solution was intensively carried out and proved to be less effective due to road access in Madura Island that was still not good and less secure. Madura Island topographycal conditions that are surrounded by the sea can be used as new access to provide clean water all around Madura Island. The payload of Desalination Production Vessel (DPV) is obtained based on daily water shortage which has reached 40.000 m^3 a day taking into account the draft around the coast of Madura Island, DPV payload has been made into 20.000 m^3 for each vessels, meanwhile the daily fresh water production is kept to 40.000 m^3. After the payload is being decided, the technical calculation were carried out in the form of calculation of weight, trim, freeboard, and stability and obtained the main size of the ship which includes; Lbp = 112.5 m; B = 26 m; H = 11 m; T = 9 m. The minimum freeboard height is 2169.46 mm with vessel tonnage reaching 10,807.43 GT. The condition of ship stability is being calculated and compared to the stability requirement according to the number of load cases and the results that meet the criteria are obtained. Economic analysis is carried out by comparing 3 different condition and resulted Rp.7.500,00/m^3 as the most optimum price for the product by calculating the Total Capital Investment (TCI) which has a value of Rp.134.241.973.552,96 and General Expenses which are worth Rp.23.479.569.494,00, henceforth the value of Feasibility Investment consisting of the Internal Rates of Return (IRR) = 17.65 %; Net Present Value (NPV) = Rp.41.598.492.770,66; PP = 9,20 years; and Breakeven Point (BEP) in the 9,20th year with total sales reaching Rp.24.188.411.035,68. So, it can be concluded that the use of DPV is more feasible than the other 2 conditions with the optimum production amount for 2 DPV units is 40,000 m^3.
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