Rachmat, Adhe Reza (2014) Arahan adaptasi kawasan rawan bencana banjir di Kecamatan Manggala Kota Makassar. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Banjir yang terjadi di Kecamatan Manggala berdampak negatif
kepada masyarakat berupa kerugian material dan terganggunya aktivitas
masyarakat. Kondisi tersebut diakibatkan oleh kondisi topographi berupa
cekungan dan infrastruktur pengendali banjir yang tidak memadai.
Namun upaya adaptasi eksisting di wilayah tersebut dalam bentuk respon
dan mitigasi struktural, belum efektif mengurangi dampak banjir di
wilayah ini. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini ditujuakn untuk merumuskan
arahan adaptasi yang efektif dalam rangka mengurangi dampak banjir.
Tahapan penelitian ini diawali dengan mengidentifikasi faktorfaktor
kerentanan yang berpengaruh terhadap bencana banjir dengan
menggunakan content analysis. Tahapan selanjutnya adalah
menganalisis relevansi dan aplikasi adaptasi berdasarkan faktor
kerentanan yang berpengaruh terhadap bencana banjir dengan teknik
analisis yang sama, yaitu content analysis. Namun, terlebih dahulu
dilakukan analisa deskriptif kualitatif untuk mengetahui keterkaitannya.
Pada tahapan akhir dilakukan perumusan arahan adaptasi kawasan
rawan banjir di Kecamatan Manggala melalui analisis deskriptif
kualitatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor kerentanan yang
berpengaruh terhadap Banjir di Kecamatan Manggala adalah faktor
kondisi drainase yang tidak memadai, dekatnya jarak bangunan dengan
sungai, lokasi permukiman di daerah akumulasi genangan, penurunan
daya infiltrasi tanah, konstruksi jalan yang rentan kerusakan akibat
genangan, dan tingginya potensi penduduk terdampak. Berdasarkan
faktor kerentanan tersebut pula diperoleh arahan adaptasi yang relevan
dan implementatif dalam mengurangi dan mengatasi faktor kerentanan
tersebut serta menjawab adaptasi eksisting yang belum efektif. Pada
umumnya upaya adaptasi yang dihasilkan merupakan optimalisasi dari
adaptasi eksisting, yaitu pada upaya respon dengan optimalisasi
pengamanan wilayah dengan pengamanan terpadu dan terintegrasi yang
dilakukan di wilayah permukiman, pada fase mitigasi dengan pengembangan waduk tunggu baru di wilayah Nipa-Nipa dan
pengembangan tanggul di sepanjang sisi Sungai Tallo. Selain itu, pada
fase mitigasi dilakukan pula pengendalian pembangunan di DAS dengan
cara penegakan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang dengan zoning
regulation dan penegakan perizinan lingkungan (AMDAL) yang bebas
kepentingan. Sedangkangan adaptasi dengan bentukan baru dilakukan
dengan penyusunan rencana rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi terhadap
bencana banjir pada fase pemulihan, dan pembuatan jalur evakuasi
dalam mempermudah proses evakuasi penduduk pada fase
kesiapsiagaan.
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Flooding that occurred in Manggala Sub-district gave negative
impact to the community in the form of material loss and disruption of
community activities. This condition was caused by topography
conditions in the form of basin and inadequate flood control
infrastructure. However, existing adaptation efforts in the region in the
form of response and structural mitigation has not been effective in
reducing the impact of flooding in the region. Therefore, this study aimed
to formulate effective adaptation referral in order to reduce the impact of
flooding.
This research began by identifying the vulnerability factors that
influence the flooding using content analysis. The next stage is to analyze
the relevance and application of adaptation based on vulnerability factors
that influence the flooding using the same analytical techniques, namely
content analysis. However, descriptive qualitative analysis was firstly
conducted to determine its relevance. At the last stage, the formulation of
referral of adaptation of areas prone to flooding in Manggala Sub-district
was conducted through qualitative descriptive analysis.
The research results showed that vulnerability factors that
influence the flooding in Manggala Sub-district are inadequate drainage
conditions, the nearness of the building to the river, the location of
settlements in the area of inundation accumulation, the decrease of soil
infiltration, road construction that are vulnerable to damage due to
inundation, and the high potential of the affected population. Based on
these vulnerability factors, relevant and implementable adaptation
referral was obtained to reduce and overcome the vulnerability factors
and to solve the ineffective existing adaptation. In general, the adaptation
conducted is the optimization of the existing adaptation, i.e. on the
response phase by optimizing area security with integrated security in
residential areas, and on mitigation phase by developing new reservoirs in the region of Nipa-Nipa and by developing embankment along the side
of Tallo River. In addition, on the mitigation phase, development control
in watershed (DAS) was conducted by performing space utilization
control through zoning regulation and enforcement of environmental
licensing (AMDAL) that is free of interest. Meanwhile, the new adaptation
was conducted through rehabilitation and reconstruction plan of flood
disaster at the recovery phase and establishment of evacuation route in
facilitating the evacuation of residents at the alert phase.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSPW 627.4 Rac a |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Banjir; Manggala; Kerentanan; Adaptasi |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA278.55 Cluster analysis |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Architecture, Design, and Planning > Regional and Urban Planning > 35201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | - Taufiq Rahmanu |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jul 2019 02:21 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jul 2019 02:21 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/64932 |
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