Nanda, Hendiyansa Dwi and Jayanti, Indita Rizky (2019) Pra Desain Pabrik Pembangkit Energi Berbahan Bakar Bagasse. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Bagasse adalah suatu residu dari proses penggilingan tanaman tebu (Saccharum oficinarum) setelah diekstrak atau dikeluarkan niranya sehingga diperoleh produk limbah berserat. Pabrik gula (PG) dapat memperolah ampas hingga 30% dari kapasitas tebu yang diproses. Bagasse biasanya kurang dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Bagasse merupakkan biomassa yang mempunyai potensi pemanfaatan yag besar untuk dikonversi menjadi energi sehingga industri gula mampu menjadi industri yang memasok energinya sendiri (self-sufficiency energy). Bagasse merupakan sumber energi yang terbarukan dan tersedia cukup besar. Pemanfaatan energi di pabrik gula dapat berlangsung efisien melalui sistem pembangkit ganda (cogeneration). Dimana dapat dihasilkannya listrik dari hasil pembakaran syngas dari proses gasifikasi bagasse sebagai penggerak gas turbine serta steam yang dihasilkan dari heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) sebagai penggerak steam turbine. Proses pembangkit energi pada pabrik ini merupakan closed loop dan mengacu pada sikulas rankine melalui tahap: reduksi ukuran bagasse, pengeringan bagasse, serta gasifikasi bagasse menggunakan circulating fluidized bed gasifier (CFBG) yang menghasilkan syngas. Syngas yang dihasilkan lalu dibakar di dalam combustion chamber yang akan menghasilkan flue gas. Flue gas hasil pembakaran kemudian dialirkan menuju Gas Turbine Generator yang berfungsi untuk mengkonversi flue gas menjadi energi listrik dan juga sebagai sumber panas pada HRSG yang kemudian akan memanaskan boiler feed water menjadi steam yang akan menggerakkan steam turbine dan menghasilkan listrik. Lalu steam yang keluar dari steam turbine digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan steam di pabrik gula. Pabrik energi dari bagasse ini akan dibangun di Kabupaten Mojoketro, Provinsi Jawa Timur dengan pertimbangan dekat dengan sumber bahan baku yang diambil dari PG Gempolkerep. Pabrik direncanakan memiliki kapasitas 25.200 kg (on season) dan 25.200 kg (off season). Sehingga dapat memproduksi listrik sebanyak 136,47 MW (on season) dan 136,47 MW (off season). Serta saturated steam (3 bar) sejumlah 158.000 kg/jam steam saat on season untuk memenuhi kebutuhan PG. Pendirian pabrik ini menggunakan dana invetasi yang berasal dari modal sendiri sebesar 60% dan modal pinjaman sebesar 40% dari biaya investasi dengan bunga 11,02%. Dari analisa ekonomi, didapatkan hasil investasi sebesar dengan IRR 17,99%, POT 4,73, BEP 33%, dan NPV 25 tahun sebesar Rp 782.723.506.319.
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Bagasse is a residue from the milling process of sugarcane (Saccharum oficinarum) after extracting it or removing it from the juice so that fibrous waste products are obtained. Sugar mills (PG) can obtain pulp up to 30% of the capacity of processed sugar cane. Bagasse is usually not fully utilized. Bagasse is a biomass that has the potential to use large quantities to be converted into energy so that the sugar industry is able to become an industry that supplies its own energy (self-sufficiency energy). Bagasse is a renewable energy source and is available quite large. Energy use in sugar mills can take place efficiently through a cogeneration system. Where electricity can be produced from the results of syngas combustion from the gasification process of bagasse as a driver of gas turbine and steam produced from heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) as a driver of steam turbine. The process of energy generation in this factory is a closed loop and refers to sikulas rankine through stages: bagasse size reduction, bagasse drying, and bagasse gasification using circulating fluidized bed gasifier (CFBG) that produces syngas. The syngas produced are then burned in the combustion chamber which will produce a gas flue. Flue gas from combustion then flows to the Gas Turbine Generator which functions to convert flue gas into electrical energy and also as a heat source in the HRSG which then heats the boiler feed water into steam which will drive steam turbine and produce electricity. Then the steam coming out of steam turbine is used to meet the steam needs of the sugar factory. The energy plant from Bagasse will be built in Mojoketro Regency, East Java Province with consideration of being close to the source of raw materials taken from PG Gempolkerep. The plant is planned to have a capacity of 25,200 kg (on season) and 25,200 kg (off season). So that it can produce 136.47 MW of electricity (on season) and 136.47 MW (off season). As well as saturated steam (3 bars) of 158,000 kg / hour steam when on season to meet PG's needs. The establishment of this factory uses investment funds from 60% of its own capital and 40% of loan capital from investment costs with 11.02% interest. From economic analysis, the investment results are obtained with an IRR of 17.99%, POT 4.73, BEP 33%, and NPV of 25 years of Rp 782,723,506,319.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 662.88 Nan p-1 2019 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bagasse, CFBG, Gasifier |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP339 Ethanol as fuel. Biomass energy. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Indita Rizky Jayanti |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Apr 2024 03:35 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Apr 2024 03:35 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/64954 |
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