Isolasi Minyak Sereh Wangi dan Minyak Kayu Putih sebagai Formulasi Bioaditif Bahan Bakar Minyak Jenis Premium

Fitri, Irfani Mauludiyah and Fuad, Abdul Rahman Ikbar (2019) Isolasi Minyak Sereh Wangi dan Minyak Kayu Putih sebagai Formulasi Bioaditif Bahan Bakar Minyak Jenis Premium. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penggunaan Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) pada kendaraan bermotor memberikan kontribusi yang cukup besar pada polusi udara akibat emisi yang ditimbulkan. Penyebab polusi udara paling utama disebabkan oleh pembakaran BBM yang tidak sempurna. Oleh karenanya, salah satu upaya untuk menurunkan polusi udara adalah dengan meningkatkan efisiensi pembakaran menggunakan bahan aditif. Bahan aditif yang sering digunakan antara lain Metallic compound. diantaranya ada Tetra Ethyl Lead (TEL) dengan rumus kimia Pb(C2H5)4, Tetra Methyl Lead (TML) dengan rumus kimia Pb(CH3)4, dan Metilcyclopentadienyl Manganestricarbonyl (MMT) dengan rumus kimia CH3C5H4Mn(CO)3. Namun, jenis aditif ini mulai ditinggalkan karena kandungan logam Pb yang akan menimbulkan gas buang bersifat toxic. Oleh karena itu, salah satu alternatif aditif yang baik adalah dengan minyak atsiri. Pada penelitian ini, penulis memanfaatkan tanaman kayu putih dan tanaman sereh wangi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dengan metode ekstraksi soxhletasi untuk memperoleh minyak atsiri yang nantinya diformulasikan sebagai bioaditif. Variabel yang digunakan ialah perbandingan campuran Minyak Atsiri : Methanol. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pada penambahan 10000 ppm bioaditif (KP:M) terjadi kenaikan angka oktan paling besar dibandingkan penambahan bioaditif yang lain, yakni sebesar 91,7; pada penambahan 2000 ppm bioaditif (SW:M) terjadi kenaikan kadar gas CO2 paling besar dibandingkan penambahan bioaditif yang lain, yakni sebesar 7,6%; serta pada penambahan 10000 ppm bioaditif (KP:M) terjadi penururan konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik paling besar dibandingkan penambahan bioaditif yang lain, yakni sebesar 1,72%.
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The use of fuel oil (BBM) on motorized vehicles provides a significant contribution to air pollution due to emissions caused. The main cause of air pollution is caused by incomplete fuel combustion. Therefore, one effort to reduce air pollution is to increase combustion efficiency using additives. Additives that are often used include Metallic compound. among them are Tetra Ethyl Lead (TEL) with the chemical formula Pb (C2H5) 4, Tetra Methyl Lead (TML) with the chemical formula Pb (CH3) 4, and Methylcyclopentadienyl Manganestricarbonyl (MMT) with the chemical formula CH3C5H4Mn (CO) 3. However, this type of additive is being abandoned because the Pb metal content that will cause the exhaust gas is toxic. Therefore, one good alternative additive is essential oil. In this study, the authors used eucalyptus plants and fragrant citronella plants using 96% ethanol with soxhletation extraction method to obtain essential oils which were later formulated as bioaditive. The variables used are the mixture ratio of Essential Oil : Methanol. From the results of the study it was found that at the addition of 10000 ppm bioaditive (KP: M) there was an increase in the highest octane number compared to the addition of the other bioaditive, which amounted to 91.7; at the addition of 2000 ppm bioaditive (SW: M) there was an increase in CO2 gas levels the most compared to the addition of other bioaditives, which amounted to 7.6%; and at the addition of 10000 ppm bioaditive (KP: M) the reduction in the specific fuel consumption was greatest compared to the addition of other bioaditives, which amounted to 1.72%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	BBM, Emisi Gas Buang, Aditif, Minyak Atsiri
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ324.5 Fuel systems T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP339 Ethanol as fuel. Biomass energy. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP343 Liquid and gaseous fuel
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24401-(D3) Diploma 3
Depositing User:	IRFANI MAULUDIYAH FITRI
Date Deposited:	13 Aug 2026 07:06
Last Modified:	13 Aug 2026 07:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/65512

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