Darojat, Khumaidah (2019) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Pemanfaatan Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Menjadi Bioenergi. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Luasnya lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit, menjadikan Indonesia sebagai produsen kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia. Besarnya produktifitas kelapa sawit berpotensi sebagai sumber limbah biomassa, terutama limbah tandan kosong. Limbah biomassa merupakan sumber energi terbesar keempat setelah batubara, minyak bumi dan gas alam sehingga dapat memberikan kontribusi yang besar bagi suplai sumber energi terbarukan dan berkelanjutan. Pemanfaatan limbah ini dapat dilakukan dengan konversi melalui proses termokimia, yaitu dengan pirolisis. Proses konversi tersebut menghasilkan emisi yang dapat menimbulkan dampak pada lingkungan. Emisi yang dihasilkan berupa emisi gas rumah kaca dan gas pencemar udara. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dampak emisi dari kegiatan pemanfaatan limbah tandan kosong dengan menggunakan Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Metode LCA digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk melakukan penilaian terhadap dampak lingkungan yang berhubungan dengan proses pemanfaatan tandan kosong dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Simapro 8.5. Tahapan LCA, yaitu goal dan scope, life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment, dan interpretation data. Dengan SimaPro 8.5 akan diketahui nilai besaran pada masing-masing dampak lingkungan. Hasil tersebut akan digunakan sebagai acuan pemilihan alternatif teknologi proses yang paling optimum yaitu yang menghasilkan dampak lingkungan terkecil dengan nilai produk terbesar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan tandan kosong dengan pirolisis memiliki potensi dampak lingkungan yang lebih kecil daripada pada kondisi eksisting yaitu 0,261 kg SO2eq zat penyebab acidification; 0,0013 kg PO4eq zat penyebab eutrophication; 193 kg CO2eq global warming potential (GWP100a) dan 0,00385 kg C2H4eq photochemical oxidation.
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The vast area of oil palm plantations makes Indonesia the largest producer of palm oil in the world. Thus, it has the potential to be a source of biomass waste, especially empty fruit bunches. Biomass waste is the fourth largest energy sources after coal, petroleum and natural gases so it can contribute more to the supply of renewable and sustainable energy sources. The utilization of this waste can be done by conversion through a thermochemical process, namely by pyrolysis. The conversion process produces emissions that have an impact on the environment. Emissions generated in this process are in the form of greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutant gases. This study identifies the impact of these emissions on the use of empty fruit bunches by using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The LCA method was used in this study to assess the environmental impact associated with the use of empty fruit bunches with the help of Simapro 8.5 software. The stages of LCA are goals and scope, life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment, and data interpretation. By using SimaPro 8.5, the value of the magnitude of each environmental impact would be known. These results were used as a reference for choosing the most optimum process technology alternative which produced the smallest environmental impact with the largest product value. The results showed that the utilization of empty bunches with pyrolysis had a smaller potential environmental impact than the existing conditions of 0,261 kg SO2eq as the cause of acidification; 0,0013 kg PO4eq causes of Eutrophication; 193 kg CO2eq global warming (GWP100a) and 0,00385 kg C2H4eq photochemical oxidation.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTL 665.776 Dar l-1 2019 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kelapa Sawit, Life Cycle Assessment, Simapro 8.5, Tandan Kosong |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Khumaidah Darojat |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Oct 2024 01:37 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Oct 2024 01:37 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/65578 |
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