Renaldy, Okky (2019) Studi Eksperimen Peningkatan Kinerja Turbin Angin Savonius dengan Penempatan Silinder Pengganggu di Depan Returning Blade Turbin “Studi Kasus untuk Ukuran Silinder Pengganggu d/D = 1; y/D = 0,5; S/D = 1,6; 1,7; 1,8; 2,0; 2,2 dengan Bilangan Reynolds = 96000, 134000, dan 173000”. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Indonesia merupakan negara dengan jumlah penduduk terbanyak ke-4 di dunia. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk mengakibatkan peningkatan kebutuhan energi. Energi fosil yang menjadi energi dominan menunjukkan penurunan produksi setiap tahunnya. Hal ini menuntut untuk memanfaatkan energi baru terbarukan salah satunya energi angin. Energi kinetik yang dimiliki oleh energi angin dapat dikonversi menjadi energi lain seperti listrik atau mekanik dengan menggunakan turbin angin. Turbin angin Savonius bekerja dengan memanfaatkan perbedaan dari gaya drag pada advancing blade dan returning blade. Perbedaan gaya drag antara kedua sudu menghasilkan torsi yang akan membuat rotor berputar. Namun, turbin Savonius memiliki efisiensi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan turbin angin lainnya. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan performa turbin angin Savonius yaitu dengan menambahkan silinder pengganggu di depan returning blade dengan variasi posisi (S/D).
Penelitian dilakukan pada aliran eksternal dengan sumber aliran udara berasal dari axial fan yang diseragamkan dengan honeycomb. Turbin angin Savonius yang digunakan berdiameter sudu (D) = 165 mm, tinggi (H) = 213 mm, diameter poros (b) = 19 mm, dan diameter end plates (D0) = 320 mm. Silinder pengganggu
diletakkan di depan returning blade dalam arah tegak lurus arah datang angin terhadap diameter sudu turbin angin Savonius (y/D) = 0,5 yang memiliki diameter (d) = 165 mm dan tinggi (h) = 500 mm. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan variasi rasio jarak antara pusat returning blade turbin Savonius dengan pusat silinder pengganggu (S/D) = 1,6; 1,7; 1,8; 2,0; 2,2 dan variasi bilangan Reynolds sebesar 96000, 134000, dan 173000 yang dihitung berdasarkan kecepatan aliran udara dan panjang karakteristik (L = 2D-b-2x). Pengukuran kecepatan aliran udara menggunakan anemometer. Pengukuran putaran turbin menggunakan tachometer. Kemudian pengukuran torsi statis menggunakan torquemeter dan torsi dinamis menggunakan brake dynamometer. Besarnya daya output turbin dihitung dari kecepatan putaran dan torsi dinamis.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menambahkan silinder pengganggu di depan returning blade dapat meningkatkan kinerja turbin angin Savonius. Hal ini berdasarkan peningkatan torsi statis turbin, Coefficient of Power, dan Coefficient of Moment dengan penggunaan silinder pengganggu di depan returning blade dengan variasi jarak (S/D) dibandingkan turbin angin Savonius tanpa silinder pengganggu. Peningkatan Coefficient of Power dan Coefficient of Moment tertinggi diperoleh pada bilangan Reynolds 96000 dengan penggunaan silinder pengganggu pada jarak S/D = 1,6 dan posisi y/D = 0,5 diperoleh peningkatan CoP maksimum dan Cm maksimum sebesar 59,42% dan 84,67%. Penggunaan silinder pengganggu dengan posisi y/D = 0,5 dan jarak S/D = 1,6 untuk semua bilangan Reynolds 96000 134000 dan 173000 menyebabkan turbin angin Savonius memiliki self starting pada semua posisi angular sudu.
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Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world. An increase in population leads to an increase in energy demand. The fossil energy that becomes the dominant energy shows a decrease in production every year. It demands to utilize renewable energy one of them wind energy. Kinetic energy possessed by wind energy can be converted into other energy such as electricity or mechanical by using wind turbine. Savonius wind turbine works by utilizing the difference from the drag force on advancing blade and returning blade. The difference in drag force between the two blades produces a torque that will cause the rotor to rotate. However, the Savonius turbine has a lower efficiency than other wind turbines. One way to improve the performance of the Savonius wind turbine is by adding a disturbance cylinder in front of the returning blade with the distance variation (S/D).
The study was conducted on an external stream with an air flow source derived from an axial fan with honeycomb as flow rectifier. Savonius wind turbine has a diameter of blade (D) = 165 mm, height (H) = 213 mm, shaft diameter (b) = 19 mm, and diameter of end plates (D0) = 320 mm. The disturbance cylinder is placed in front of the returning blade at perpendicular position to the wind direction of the disturbance cylinder relative to the blade diameter (y/D) = 0,5 which has diameter (d) = 165 mm and height (h) = 500 mm. This research was conducted by variation ratio of the distance between the center of the returning blade and the center of the disturbance cylinder (S/D) = 1,6; 1,7; 1,8; 2,0; 2,2. The research was conducted with Reynolds number varied of 96000, 134000 and 173000 which was calculated based on airflow velocity and characteristic length (L = 2D-b-2x). Measurement of airflow velocity using an anemometer. Measurement of turbine rotation using tachometer. Then static torque measurement using torque meter and dynamic torque using brake dynamometer. The amount of turbine output power is calculated from the speed of rotation and dynamic torque.
The results showed that installing the disturbance cylinder in front of the returning blade could improve the performance of the Savonius wind turbine. This is based on an increase in the value of turbine rotation speed, turbine static torque, Coefficient of Power, and Coefficient of Moment. The maximum increase in Coefficient of Power and Coefficient of Moment was obtained at Reynolds numbers 96000 with the addition of disturbance cylinder at a distance of S/D = 1,6 and position y/D = 0,5 which obtained maximum increase in CoP and Cm of 59,42% and 84,67%. The addition of a disturbance cylinder in front of the returning blade turbine with a position of y/D = 0.5 and the distance of S/D = 1.6 for all Reynolds numbers 96000; 134000 and 173000 cause the Savonius wind turbine has self starting in all angular positions of the blade.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Turbin angin Savonius, Silinder Pengganggu, Putaran Turbin, Torsi Statis, Coefficient of Power, Coefficient of Moment. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ820 Wind power T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ828 Wind turbines |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Okky Renaldy |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jul 2026 00:59 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Jul 2026 00:59 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/65911 |
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