Soesanto, Kurniawan (2019) Proses Vermicomposting Residu Larva Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) dan Sampah Sisa Makanan Menggunakan E. eugeniae. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Teknologi pengomposan berbasis serangga menggunakan Larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) untuk pengolahan sampah organik semakin banyak dilakukan. Hal ini disebabkan karena tingkat reduksi sampah organik yang tinggi dan waktu pengomposan yang cepat. Selain itu terdapat produk samping yang bernilai ekonomis. Tingkat reduksi sampah organik yaitu berkisar antara 70-80%. Proses pengomposan berlangsung selama dua belas hari pada fase larva. Durasi pengomposan yang singkat menyebabkan larva tidak mampu mencerna material organik yang banyak mengandung serat (selulosa). Material organik ini akhirnya menjadi residu larva BSF. Pengolahan residu larva BSF dapat dilakukan dengan proses vermicomposting menggunakan cacing E. eugeniae. Prinsip proses vermicomposting adalah media cacing sudah mengalami proses pengomposan sebelumnya. Maka residu larva BSF ditambah dengan sampah sisa makanan sebagai substrat bagi cacing.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat degradasi residu larva BSF dan sampah serta menganalisis kualitas vermicompost. Percobaan dilakukan secara duplo selama 60 hari dengan kombinasi 10 hari pra-composting dan 50 hari vermicomposting. Jumlah reaktor vermicomposting yang digunakan sebanyak 32 buah reaktor berbentuk balok berukuran 30 cm x 24 cm x 18 cm. Variasi dilakukan pada jumlah cacing dan perbandingan komposisi sampah sisa makanan : residu larva BSF. Penambahan jumlah cacing yaitu 10 g/kg substrat, 15 g/kg substrat, dan 20 g/kg substrat. Perbandingan antara komposisi campuran sampah sisa makanan : residu larva BSF adalah 1:1, 1:2, 1:0, dan 0:1 dengan berat kering 0,6 kg. Reaktor untuk fungsi kontrol dilakukan tanpa penambahan cacing pada masing-masing komposisi substrat. Parameter yang dianalisis pada penelitian ini adalah C-organik, C-total, amonium (NH4+), nitrat (NO3-), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), C/N, pH, suhu, dan kadar air. Secara umum, kualitas vermicompost yang dihasilkan dibandingkan dengan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian RI No.70/PERMENTAN/SR.140/10/2011.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh tingkat reduksi terbesar terjadi pada komposisi SM (sampah sisa makanan : residu larva BSF 1:0) dengan jumlah cacing 20 g/kg substrat. Tingkat reduksi sebesar 68,7% dan produksi vermicompost sebesar 75,97%. Kualitas vermicompost terbaik pada komposisi RL (Sampah sisa makanan : residu larva BSF 0:1) dengan jumlah cacing 15 g/kg substrat. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah pH 7,8, suhu 27oC, kadar air 55,09%, C/N organik 16,61, C/N total 16,07.
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The Insect-based composting technology by using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) Larvae has increasingly been carried out in practice. This is due to the high level of organic waste reduction and rapid composting time. Besides, there are side products that have economic value. The reduction rate of organic waste is around 70-80%. The composting process for twelve days in the larval phase. The short duration of composting causes the larvae to be unable to digest organic material which contains a lot of cellulose. This organic material eventually becomes BSF larvae residues. The processing of BSF larvae residues can be done by vermicomposting using E. eugeniae. The principle of the vermicomposting process is that the worm media has been done with the previous composting process. Then BSF larvae residues added with food waste as a substrate for worms.
These study aims were to determine the degradation level of BSF larvae residue mixed with food waste and to analyze the quality of the vermicompost. The experiment was carried out in duplicate for 60 days with a combination of 10 days of pre-composting and 50 days of vermicomposting. The total number of vermicomposting reactors used was 32 beam-shaped reactors measuring 30 cm x 24 cm x 18 cm. The variations were the amount of worms and the comparison of food waste : BSF larvae residues. The addition of worms is 10 g/kg substrate, 15 g/kg substrate, and 20 g/kg substrate. The comparison between the composition of the mixed food waste : BSF larvae residues were 1:1, 1:2, 1:0, and 0:1, with a dry weight of 0.6 kg. The reactor for the control function carried out without added worms to each substrate composition. The parameters analyzed were organic carbon, total carbon, ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), C/N, pH, temperature, and water content. The quality of vermicompost compared with the regulation of the Ministry of Agriculture RI No.70/PERMENTAN/SR.140/10/2011. The results showed that the highest reduction rate occurred in the composition of food waste : BSF larvae residues 1:0 with 20 g/kg substrate worms. The reduction rate was 68.7% and vermicompost production was 75.97%. The best vermicompost quality in the composition of the food waste : BSF larvae residues 0:1, with 15 g/kg substrate worms. The results obtained were pH 7,8, temperature 27oC, moisture content 55,09%, organic C/N 16,61, total C/N 16,07.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSL 631.875 Soe p-1 2019 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | eudrilus eugeniae, residu larva BSF, sampah sisa makanan, vermicomposting |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD796.5 Composting |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Kurniawan Soesanto |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Feb 2024 08:33 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Feb 2024 08:33 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/66107 |
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