Potensi Distribusi Pencemar Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dalam Ekosistem dengan Tumbuhan Mangrove di Kondisi Bahan Organik Tinggi dan Rendah

Hanarisanty, Lina (2019) Potensi Distribusi Pencemar Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dalam Ekosistem dengan Tumbuhan Mangrove di Kondisi Bahan Organik Tinggi dan Rendah. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Salah satu kawasan di Kota Surabaya yang mempunyai tingkat akumulasi pencemaran terbesar adalah Wonorejo. Pencemaran logam berat dapat terjadi di sungai dan muara sungai. Timbal (Pb) merupakan salah satu jenis logam berat yang terdeteksi dalam jumlah yang tinggi pada wilayah ini. Pb adalah logam berat yang konservatif dan dapat menjadi racun bagi manusia, hewan dan tumbuhan. Avicennia marina dan Rhizophora mucronata mempunyai kemampuan menyerap logam berat sehingga mangrove dapat dijadikan sebagai agen fitoremediasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan konsentrasi pencemar logam berat Pb dari hasil Range Finding Test, menentukan distribusi pencemaran logam berat Pb pada ekosistem (air, sedimen, tumbuhan mangrove dan udara), dan menentukan nilai faktor biokonsentrasi tumbuhan mangrove. Penelitian diawali dengan uji Range Finding Test pada mangrove Avicennia marina dan Rhizophora mucronata dengan variasi Pb 0 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 300 mg/L, 500 mg/L, dan 700 mg/L dengan menggunakan reaktor secara batch. Sedimen dan akar mangrove dianalisis menggunakan Atomic Absorbtion Spectrofotometer (AAS), sebelumnya sampel sedimen dan akar mangrove diekstrak dengan menggunakan metode destruksi basah. Parameter pendukung yang diukur meliputi pH, suhu, dan salinitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji Range Finding Test (RFT) mangrove Avicennia marina dapat bertahan pada konsentrasi 300 mg/L, sedangkan Rhizophora mucronata pada 100 mg/L. Distribusi konsentrasi AM Pb Organik Rendah di sedimen 91%, air 8%, tumbuhan dan udara < 1%, sedangkan distribusi AM Pb Organik Tinggi di sedimen 93%, air 6%, tumbuhan dan udara < 1%. Distribusi konsentrasi zat RM Pb Organik Rendah di sedimen 90%, air 9%, tumbuhan dan udara < 1%, sedangkan distribusi RM Pb Organik Tinggi di sedimen 91%, air 8%, tumbuhan dan udara < 1%. Nilai BCF pada semua jenis perlakuan adalah > 1. Nilai BCF > 1 menunjukkan jenis mangrove Avicennia marina dan Rhizophora mucronata adalah tumbuhan hiperakumulator terhadap logam Pb.
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One of the regions in Surabaya which has accumulated the largest pollution levels was the region of Wonorejo. Pollution of heavy metals can occurred in river and estuary area. Pb is heavy metals that have been detected in high concentration in this region. Pb was one of the conservative heavy metals and Pb can be toxic to human being, animals and plants. Avicennia marina dan Rhizophora mucronata have been known to have the ability to absorb heavy metals so that mangrove can be used as a phytoremediation agent. The purpose of this study were to determine the limit of Pb concentration that Avicennia marina dan Rhizophora mucronata can be survive to determine us distribution of Pb ecosystems (water, sediment, plants, and air), and to determine the value of the bioconcentration factor of mangrove plants. The study begin with a Range Finding Test on Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata mangroves with the variation of Pb 0 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 300 mg/L, 500 mg/L, and 700 mg/L RFT use concentration use reactor in batches. The mangrove sediments and roots were analyzed using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), previously the sediment and mangrove roots were extracted using the wet destruction method. Supporting parameters measured include pH, temperature, and salinity. The results showed that the Avicennia marina mangrove Range Finding Test was able to survive at a concentration of 300 mg/L, while Rhizophora mucronata at 100 mg/L. The distribution of the concentration of AM Pb OR substances in sediment, water, plants, and the air was 91,5%, 8,5 %, 8,2 x 10-4, and 6,4 x 10-10 %, while the AM Pb OT distribution was 93,7%, 6,32%, 4,99 x 10-4%, and 4,7 x 10-10 %. The distribution of concentrations AM Pb Low Organic was 91% sediments, 8% air, plants and air < 1%, while the distribution of AM Pb High Organic was 93% sediments, 6% air, plants and air < 1%. Distribution of substance of concentration Pb RM Low Organic was 90% sediments, 9% water, plants and air < 1%, while the distribution of RM Pb High Organic was 91% sediments, 8% water, plants and air < 1%. The BCF value in all types of treatment was > 1. BCF value > 1 showed that Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata mangroves were hyperaccumulator plants on Pb metal.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Mangrove, Logam Berat, Timbal, Salinitas
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Lina Hanarisanty
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2026 07:25
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2026 07:25
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/66216

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