Pabrik Sorbitol dari Tepung Tapioka dengan Proses Hidrogenasi Katalitik

Fauziyyah, Illah and Prasetiawan, Bagus (2019) Pabrik Sorbitol dari Tepung Tapioka dengan Proses Hidrogenasi Katalitik. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sorbitol merupakan senyawa monosakarida polyhidric alkohol berupa bubuk kristal berwarna putih yang higroskopis, tidak berbau dan berasa manis. Kegunaannya sangat dibutuhkan di industri kimia, diantaranya dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku industri barang konsumsi dan makanan seperti pasta gigi, permen, kosmetik, farmasi, vitamin C dan termasuk industri tekstil dan kulit. Berdasarkan ketersediaan tepung tapioka yang merupakan bahan baku utama, maka pabrik sorbitol akan di dirikan di Tuban, Jawa Timur. Pembuatan sorbitol dari tepung tapioka dengan proses hidrogenasi klatalitik. Proses likuifikasi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan suspensi pati dengan pencampuran tepung tapioka dan larutan CaCl2. Suspensi pati direaksikan dengan air dan penambahan enzim α-amilase di reaktor Dekstrinasi dan enzim glukoamilase di reaktor Sakarifikasi menjadi larutan glukosa. Larutan glukosa yang sudah terbentuk kemudian dilakukan proses filtrasi untuk memisahkan cake dengan filtrat. Filtrat dihilangkan impuritiesnya dengan proses ionisasi di kation dan anion exchanger yang kemudian dipekatkan sehingga di dapatkan larutan glukosa 40%. Larutan glukosa direaksikan dengan gas hidrogen dengan tekanan 80 atm dan katalis raney nickel 2% dari larutan glukosa untuk mempercepat reaksi yang menghasilkan larutan sorbitol. Proses dilanjutkan dengan adsorbsi oleh karbon aktif, filtrasi dan ionisasi untuk memurnikan larutan sorbitol. Kemudian dilakukan proses pemekatan dalam evaporator double effect yang menghasilkan larutan sorbitol 70%. Pabrik ini beroprasi secara kontinyu selama 300 hari/tahun; 24 jam/hari dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 60.000 ton/tahun. Dengan bahan baku yang dibutuhkan yakni, tepung tapioka sebesar 116.193 kg/hari. Kebutuhan utilitasnya adalah air sanitasi sebesar 87,5 m3/hari, air pendingin sebesar 480,06 m3/hari, air proses sebesar 330,08 m3/hari dan air umpan boiler sebesar 78,86 m3/hari.
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Sorbitol is a polyhidric monosaccharide compound in the form of a white crystalline powder that is hygroscopic, odorless and sweet taste. Its usefulness is needed in the chemical industry, among which can be used as raw material for consumer goods and food industries such as toothpaste, candy, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, vitamin C and including the textile and leather industries. Based on the availability of tapioca flour which is the main raw material, the sorbitol plant will be established in Tuban, East Java. Making sorbitol from tapioca flour with the clatalytic hydrogenation process. The liquidation process was carried out to obtain starch suspension by mixing tapioca flour and CaCl2 solution. The starch suspension is reacted with water and the addition of the α-amylase enzyme in the Dextrination reactor and glucoamylase enzyme in the Sakarifikasi reactor becomes a glucose solution. The glucose solution that has been formed is then carried out by a filtration process to separate the cake from the filtrate. The filtrate is removed by the impurities ionization process in the cation and anion exchanger which is then concentrated so that it gets 40% glucose solution. The glucose solution is reacted with hydrogen gas at a pressure of 80 atm and raney nickel 2% catalyst from a glucose solution to accelerate the reaction that produces sorbitol solution. The process is continued by adsorption by activated carbon, filtration and ionization to purify sorbitol solution. Then the concentration process in the evaporator double effect is carried out which produces 70% sorbitol solution. This plant operates continuously for 300 days/year; 24 hours/day with a production capacity of 60,000 tons/year. With the required raw material, tapioca flour is 116.193 kg / day. The utility needs sanitation water for 87,5 m3/day, cooling water for 480,06 m3/day, process water for 330,08 m3/day and boiler feed water for 78,86 m3/day.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sorbitol, tepung tapioka, hidrogasi katalitik, Sorbitol, tapioca flour, catalytic hydrogenation
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	ILLAH FAUZIYYAH
Date Deposited:	13 Aug 2026 01:56
Last Modified:	13 Aug 2026 01:56
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/66490

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