Perpetua, Azary' Ruth (2019) Pengolahan Limbah Cair Rumah Makan Menggunakan Kombinasi Surfaktan dan Aktivator dengan Sistem Kerja Lumpur Aktif. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Peningkatan jumlah rumah makan di Kota Surabaya merupakan salah satu penyebab meningkatnya sumber pencemaran bahan organik di dalam badan air. Pada umumnya kandungan bahan organik yang terdapat dalam air buangan adalah 40-60% adalah protein, 25-50% berupa karbohidrat serta 10% lainnya berupa lemak atau minyak. Oleh karena itu, harus dilakukan pengolahan terhadap air limbah sebelum dibuang ke badan air. Salah satu alternatif pengolahannnya adalah dengan menerapkan sistem kerja SBR. Metode pengolahan biologis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengombinasikan surfaktan dan aktivator untuk meningkatkan penyisihan bahan organik. Pada penelitian awal digunakan tiga variasi konsentrasi COD yaitu 500 mg/L; 1000 mg/L; dan 2000 mg/L yang masing-masing akan ditambahkan dengan variasi konsentrasi surfaktan, yaitu 25 mg/L; 75 mg/L; 100 mg/L; 175 mg/L; dan 250 mg/L. Setelah ditemukan dosis surfaktan optimum, dilakukan pengombinasian surfaktan dan aktivator dengan penerapan sistem kerja SBR. Variasi aktivator yang ditambahkan adalah 10 gram; 20 gram; dan 30 gram. Proses penelitian dilakukan selama tahap aklimatisasi. Dilakukan analisis parameter utama setiap hari dari awal hingga akhir masa penelitian. Parameter utama yang dianalisis adalah nilai permanganat, konsentrasi minyak, dan COD. Selain itu dilakukan pula analisis parameter tambahan yang berupa MLSS, MLVSS, pH, dan DO. Setelah dilakukan penelitian selama kurang lebih 14 hari, didapatkan hasil bahwa bahan organik termasuk minyak dapat didegradasi oleh bibit bakteri yang berasal dari aktivator walaupun ada kehadiran surfaktan. Selain itu, penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limbah cair rumah makan dapat diolah dengan menggunakan SBR dan dapat menghasilkan kualitas effluen yang cukup baik bila operasionalnya berjalan secara optimal. Dalam kondisi tanpa penambahan surfaktan, penambahan aktivator sebanyak 30 gram mampu menurunkan konsentrasi minyak sebesar 37,23% dan COD hingga 86,14%. Sedangkan dalam kondisi penambahan surfaktan dengan konsentrasi 75 mg/L, penyisihan minyak terbesar terjadi di dalam reaktor dengan penambahan aktivator 20 gram, yaitu 32,91% dan penyisihan COD terjadi di dalam reaktor dengan penambahan aktivator 30 gram, yaitu sebesar 73,39%. Selama 14 hari penelitian, proses penyisihan bahan organik terus mengalami fluktuasi dikarenakan oleh kondisi substrat dan mikroorganisme yang berbeda setiap harinya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, penambahan surfaktan berdampak pada penurunan efisiensi penyisihan bahan organik di dalam badan air.
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The development of restaurants in the city of Surabaya is one of the sources of organic materials including oil and grease pollutants in water bodies. In general, organic materials contained in waste water are 40-60% protein, 25% carbohydrate, and the other 10% consists of fat and oil. Therefore, waste water treatment should be carried out before being discharged into the water body. One alternative process of waste water treatment is to implement the SBR work system. The biological treatment method in this study was carried out by combining surfactants and activators to increase the organic matter removal. In the initial research, three variations of COD concentrations were used which are 500 mg/L; 1000 mg/L; and 2000 mg/L. Each of which will be added to the variation of the surfactant concentration, which are 25 mg/L; 75 mg/L; 100 mg/; 175 mg/L; and 250 mg/L. After finding the optimum dose of surfactant concentration, combining surfactant and activator will be carried out by applying the SBR work system. The variations of activator are 10 gram; 20 gram; and 30 gram. The main research was observed during the acclimatization stage. All of parameters were analyzed every day from beginning to the end of research period. The main parameters are permanganate value, COD, and oil concentration. And the additional parameters are MLSS, MLVSS, pH, and DO. After 14 days of research, the results showed that organic materials including fat and oil could be degraded by bacterial seeds from activator despite the presence of surfactant. In addition, research shows the restaurant waste water can be processed using SBR and could produce a good quality effluent if the operation runs optimally. In condition without the addition of surfactant, the addition of 30 grams of activator could reduce the oil concentration by 37,23% and COD to 86,14%. Whereas in the condition of adding surfactant with a concentration of 75 mg/L, the largest oil allowance occurred in the reactor with the addition of 20 gram activator, which was 32,91% and COD removal occurred in the reactor with the addition of 30 gram activator, which amounted to 73,39%. During the 14 days of research, the process of organic matter removal continued to fluctuate due to the different conditions of substrate and microorganisms every day. Based on the results of this study, the addition of surfactant has an impact on reducing the efficiency removal of organic matter in the water body.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Aktivator, Bahan Organik, Biodegradasi, Lumpur Aktif, Surfaktan |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Theses |
| Depositing User: | Perpetua Azary' Ruth |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Jul 2024 01:55 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jul 2024 01:55 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/66905 |
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