Optimasi Ekstraksi Gelatin Berbahan Sisik Ikan Kakap Merah (Lutjanus sp.) dengan Metode Hidrolisis Kimiawi

Wahyuningtyas, Meliana (2019) Optimasi Ekstraksi Gelatin Berbahan Sisik Ikan Kakap Merah (Lutjanus sp.) dengan Metode Hidrolisis Kimiawi. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 01211750010016-Master_Thesis.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Download (11MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Gelatin berbahan sisik ikan Kakap Merah berhasil diekstraksi dengan metode hidrolisis kimiawi yang dilanjutkan dengan ekstraksi menggunakan waterbath. Penentuan kondisi ekstraksi optimum dilakukan secara bertahap, meliputi penentuan konsentrasi larutan perendam, lama perendaman, serta suhu dan waktu ekstraksi, sehingga dihasilkan enam gelatin dengan kondisi optimum, yaitu tiga melalui proses asam dan tiga melalui proses basa. Larutan pre-treatment yang digunakan pada proses perendaman terdiri atas tiga larutan untuk proses asam (HCl, H3PO4, dan CH3COOH) serta tiga larutan untuk proses basa (NaOH, Ca(OH)2, dan NH4OH), yang menghasilkan perbedaan sifat gelatin. Spektra FTIR mengonfirmasi bahwa seluruh gelatin mengandung gugus fungsi penyusun gelatin sebagaimana gelatin kontrol, yaitu gugus amida A, amida B, amida I, amida II, dan amida III. Secara keseluruhan, kualitas gelatin berbahan sisik ikan Kakap Merah serupa dengan gelatin kontrol. Keunggulan gelatin tersebut antara lain kadar air yang telah memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI), nilai pH yang dapat diaplikasikan pada berbagai bidang, viskositas larutan yang lebih tinggi, serta warna yang lebih cerah dibandingkan gelatin kontrol. Gelatin dengan kondisi ekstraksi optimum juga menunjukkan kekuatan gel A opt yang mendekati gelatin kontrol. Selain itu, analisis SDS-PAGE menunjukkan bahwa berat molekul gelatin sisik ikan lebih dari 75 kDa. Komposisi glisin pada gelatin A opt yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan gelatin Ca opt mengonfirmasi bahwa gelatin A opt memiliki stabilitas termal yang lebih baik daripada gelatin Ca opt.
==========================================================================================================================================
Gelatin made from Red Snapper scales was successfully extracted using a chemical hydrolysis method followed by water bath extraction. The optimum extraction conditions were determined step by step by optimizing the soaking solution concentration, soaking time, extraction temperature, and extraction time, resulting in six gelatin samples under optimum conditions, consisting of three obtained through acidic processes and three through alkaline processes. The pre-treatment solutions used for immersion included three acidic solutions (HCl, H3PO4, and CH3COOH) and three alkaline solutions (NaOH, Ca(OH)2, and NH4OH), resulting in differences in the properties of the gelatin produced. FTIR spectra confirmed that all gelatin samples contained the characteristic functional groups of gelatin, namely amide A, amide B, amide I, amide II, and amide III, similar to the control gelatin. Overall, the quality of gelatin produced from Red Snapper scales was comparable to that of the control gelatin. Its advantages included moisture content that complied with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), pH values suitable for various applications, higher solution viscosity, and a brighter color than the control gelatin. Gelatin produced under optimum extraction conditions also exhibited gel strength (A opt) close to that of the control gelatin. Furthermore, SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the molecular weight of the fish scale gelatin was greater than 75 kDa. The higher glycine composition in A opt gelatin compared with Ca opt gelatin confirmed that A opt gelatin possessed better thermal stability than Ca opt gelatin.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Gelatin, hidrolisis kimiawi, optimasi metode ekstraksi, sisik ikan Kakap Merah.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD251.2 Chemistry, Organic. Biochemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > Polymerization Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction
Divisions:	Faculty of Natural Science > Chemistry > 47101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Meliana Wahyuningtyas
Date Deposited:	20 Jul 2026 06:51
Last Modified:	20 Jul 2026 06:51
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/67140

Actions (login required)

View Item