SIMULASI PENGARUH OFF SERVICE CLOSED FEEDWATER HEATER TERHADAP PERFORMA PLTU MENGGUNAKAN PERANGKAT LUNAK CYCLE TEMPO 5.0

Wiratama, Carla Gravina (2019) SIMULASI PENGARUH OFF SERVICE CLOSED FEEDWATER HEATER TERHADAP PERFORMA PLTU MENGGUNAKAN PERANGKAT LUNAK CYCLE TEMPO 5.0. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Dalam pengoperasian PLTU harus dipertimbangkan aspek keamanan, keandalan, dan efisiensi. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan efisiensi PLTU adalah dengan mengaplikasikan regenerative feedwater heater. Feedwater heater berfungsi meningkatkan temperatur air umpan yang akan dipanaskan di dalam boiler sehingga dapat mengurangi kebutuhan bahan bakar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PLTU Unit 4 dan 5 PT PJB UP Muara Karang. Diketahui bahwa HPH 4 mengalami off service pada bulan Agustus 2018 sehingga efisiensi termal menurun sebesar 1,86% dibandingkan bulan sebelumnya. HPH F juga mengalami off service pada bulan Januari 2019 yang menyebabkan efisiensi termal menurun sebesar 0,68% dibandingkan bulan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh off service closed feedwater heater terhadap performa PLTU. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak Cycle Tempo 5.0. Data yang digunakan untuk membangun model sistem berasal dari data operasi PLTU Unit 5 pada beban 172 MW. Proses validasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan beberapa parameter hasil simulasi terhadap hasil performance test dengan batas kesalahan kurang dari 5%. Beberapa variasi kondisi off service feedwater heater dilakukan dengan mengatur bukaan katup pada jalur bypass untuk mengendalikan aliran feedwater yang masuk ke sisi tabung maupun aliran drain pada feedwater heater. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR), daya bersih (net power), dan kebutuhan kalor boiler pada setiap variasi kondisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi off service feedwater heater menyebabkan peningkatan nilai NPHR. Peningkatan NPHR tertinggi terjadi pada kondisi HPH F off service, yaitu sebesar 30,58 kCal/kWh. HPH memberikan pengaruh yang lebih besar terhadap peningkatan NPHR dibandingkan LPH ketika mengalami off service. Efisiensi PLTU meningkat seiring bertambahnya jumlah feedwater heater yang beroperasi. Semakin banyak feedwater heater yang beroperasi, semakin tinggi efisiensi PLTU. Penggunaan tiga LPH dan dua HPH pada PLTU berkapasitas 172 MW dinilai cukup efisien, dengan efisiensi terbaik sebesar 33,39% ketika seluruh feedwater heater beroperasi.
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Steam power plants must consider safety, reliability, and efficiency during operation. One method of improving steam power plant efficiency is by applying a regenerative feedwater heater. A feedwater heater increases the temperature of the feedwater before it enters the boiler, thereby reducing the fuel required for steam generation. This study was conducted at Units 4 and 5 of PT PJB UP Muara Karang Steam Power Plant. It was observed that HPH 4 was in an off service condition in August 2018, causing the thermal efficiency to decrease by 1.86% compared with the previous month. Similarly, HPH F was off service in January 2019, resulting in a 0.68% reduction in thermal efficiency. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of off service closed feedwater heater conditions on steam power plant performance. The analysis was performed using Cycle Tempo 5.0 software. The system model was developed using operational data from Unit 5 operating at a load of 172 MW. Model validation was carried out by comparing several simulation parameters with performance test results, allowing a maximum error of less than 5%. Various off service feedwater heater conditions were simulated by adjusting the opening of the bypass valve to regulate the flow of feedwater entering the tube side as well as the drain flow in the feedwater heater. The Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR), net power output, and boiler heat requirement were then analyzed for each operating condition. The results showed that off service feedwater heater conditions increased the NPHR value. The largest increase in NPHR occurred when HPH F was off service, reaching 30.58 kCal/kWh. The off service condition of HPH had a greater impact on NPHR than that of LPH. Steam power plant efficiency increased as more feedwater heaters were brought into operation. The operation of three LPHs and two HPHs in a 172 MW steam power plant was considered sufficiently efficient, with the highest efficiency of 33.39% achieved when all feedwater heaters were operating.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Carla Gravina Wiratama
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2026 01:45
Last Modified:	21 Jul 2026 01:45
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/67391

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