Pengaruh Waktu dan Durasi Injeksi CNG terhadap Performa Mesin, Proses Pembakaran dan Emisi pada Mesin CNG-Biodiesel Dual Fuel

Subagiyo, Wahyu (2019) Pengaruh Waktu dan Durasi Injeksi CNG terhadap Performa Mesin, Proses Pembakaran dan Emisi pada Mesin CNG-Biodiesel Dual Fuel. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proses pembakaran mesin dual fuel berbahan bakar biodiesel-CNG terjadi secara sequential. Namun performa mesin dual fuel masih mengalami penurunan serta peningkatan emisi terutama karbon monoksida dan hidrokarbon. Pemasukan CNG melalui intake manifold mengganggu pemasukan udara ke ruang bakar. Dengan demikian dibutuhkan pengaturan waktu dan durasi injeksi CNG yang tepat sehingga dapat memperbaiki performa mesin,proses pembakaran dan emisi yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental pada mesin diesel diamond tipe DI 800 yang dioperasikan secara dual fuel menggunakan bahan bakar CNG-biodiesel yang dihubungkan dengan generator listrik. Metode yang dilakukan adalah pengaturan waktu injeksi CNG sebesar 700CA, 900CA, 1100CA, 1300CA, dan 1500CA ATDC dan durasi injeksi CNG sebesar 700CA, 900CA, 1100CA, 1300CA, dan 1500CA dengan total 15 variasi. menggunakan ECU Vemstune pada beban 1000Watt-4000Watt dengan rpm konstan 2000rpm. Digunakan juga supercharger untuk meningkatkan mass flow rate udara yang masuk. Pengukuran proses pembakaran menggunakan combustion analyzer dan pengukuran emisi dengan gas analyzer untuk nilai emisi CO, HC, dan PM. Penggunaan diesel dual fuel mengakibatkan tekanan silinder lebih rendah pada beban rendah dan menengah akan tetapi lebih tinggi pada beban tinggi dibandingkan single fuel. Heat release rate lebih rendah pada beban rendah, dan lebih tinggi pada beban menengah hingga beban tinggi dibandingkan single fuel. Pada beban rendah emisi CO dan HC juga terjadi peningkatan. Mengatur waktu injeksi CNG semakin mundur hingga 1100 CA ATDC dan dengan mengatur durasi injeksi CNG sesuai beban yaitu 700CA pada beban rendah , 900 CA pada beban menengah dan 1100CA pada beban tinggi dapat Menaikkan tekanan silinder hingga 8.02%, dan heat release 67.10%. Variasi waktu injeksi relatif tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terjadap ignition delay. Mengurangi durasi injeksi CNG dapat memperbaiki perlambatan ignition delay rata-rata menjadi 30,87%. Durasi pembakaran rata-rata pada beban tinggi mesin dual fuel lebih cepat hingga 42,9% dibandingkan pengoperasian single fuel. Mengatur ulang waktu injeksi dan durasi injeksi CNG dapat meminimalisir penurunan rata-rata durasi pembakaran menjadi 18,30% meningkatkan AFR dengan kenaikan rata-rata sebesar 3%. meminimalisir kenaikan rata-rata SFC menjadi 13,54%. Meminimalisir penurunan rata-rata Efisiensi thermal menjadi 18,30%. Subtitusi semakin tinggi seiring bertambahnya durasi injeksi CNG, subtitusi tertinggi didapatkan saat durasi injeksi diatur 1500CA sebesar 86,32%. Pengoperasian mesin diesel dual fuel biodiesel-CNG meningkatkan emisi HC. Dengan mengurangi durasi injeksi CNG dapat meminimalisir kenaikan rata-rata emisi HC menjadi 107.6 %, meminimalisir kenaikan rata-rata emisi CO menjadi 527 %. Pengoperasian mesin diesel dual fuel biodiesel-CNG menurunkan emisi PM. Terjadi penurunan rata-rata emisi PM hingga 59,28% jika dibandingkan dengan single fuel.
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The combustion process of a dual fuel engine with CNG biodiesel fuel occurs sequentially. But the performance of the dual fuel engine is still decreasing and emissions are increasing, especially carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. CNG input through the intake manifold interferes with the intake of air into the combustion chamber. Thus, it is necessary to adjust the timing and duration of the appropriate CNG injection so that it can improve engine performance, combustion processes and emissions produced. This research was carried out experimentally on DI 800 type diamond diesel engines that are operated in dual fuel using CNG-biodiesel fuel which is connected to an electric generator. The method used is setting the CNG injection time of 700CA, 900CA, 1100CA, 1300CA and 1500CA ATDC and the duration of CNG injection is 700CA, 900CA, 1100CA, 1300CA, and 1500CA with a total of 15 variations. Use the Vemstune ECU at a 1000W-4000Watt load with a constant rpm of 2000rpm. Superchargers are also used to increase the incoming air flow rate. The measurement of the combustion process uses a combustion analyzer and emission measurements with a gas analyzer for CO, HC, and PM emission values. The use of dual fuel diesel results in lower cylinder pressure at low and medium loads but higher at high loads than single fuel. The heat release rate is lower at low loads, and higher in medium loads to higher loads than single fuel. At low CO and HC emission loads also increase. Set the CNG injection time to retreat until 1100 CA ATDC and by adjusting the duration of CNG injection according to load, 700CA at low load, 900 CA at medium load and 1100CA at high load can Increase cylinder pressure up to 8.02%, and heat release 67.10%. The relative injection time variation does not significantly affect the ignition delay. Reducing the duration of CNG injection can improve the slowdown of ignition delay on average to 30.87%. The average combustion duration at high load dual fuel engines is up to 42.9% faster than single fuel operations. Resetting the injection time and the duration of CNG injection can minimize the reduction in the average duration of burning to 18.30% increasing AFR with an average increase of 3%. minimizing the increase in the SFC average to 13.54%. Minimizing the decrease in average thermal efficiency to 18.30%. The substitution is higher as the CNG injection duration increases, the highest substitution is obtained when the injection duration is set by 1500CA at 86.32%. The operation of dual fuel biodiesel-CNG diesel engines increases HC emissions. By reducing the duration of CNG injection it can minimize the increase in the average HC emissions to 107.6%, minimizing the increase in the average CO emissions to 527%. Operation of dual fuel biodiesel-CNG diesel engines lowers PM emissions. There was a decrease in the average PM emissions up to 59.28% when compared to single fuel.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Dual fuel, durasi dan waktu injeksi gas CNG, proses pembakaran, tekanan silinder, heat release rate, pembentukan emisi.
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ254.7 Combustion chambers T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ324.5 Fuel systems
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Wahyu Subagiyo
Date Deposited:	16 Jul 2026 07:52
Last Modified:	16 Jul 2026 07:52
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/67455

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