Pembuatan Surfaktan Sodium Lignosulfonat (SLS) Dari Limbah Gergaji Kayu Jati (Tectona Grandis Lf.) Dengan Metode Sulfonasi Langsung Dan Hidrolisis Sulfonasi

Ulya, Faiqotul and Virda, Selvi Amelia (2019) Pembuatan Surfaktan Sodium Lignosulfonat (SLS) Dari Limbah Gergaji Kayu Jati (Tectona Grandis Lf.) Dengan Metode Sulfonasi Langsung Dan Hidrolisis Sulfonasi. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Jati (Tectona grandis Linn f.) merupakan salah satu jenis kayu yang banyak diminati masyarakat. Dari pengolahannya menghasilkan limbah yang pemanfaatannya masih belum maksimal. Kayu jati banyak mengandung senyawa kimia salah satunya adalah lignin. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan pembandingan metode sulfonasi langsung dan hidrolisis sulfonasi untuk mengolah lignin menjadi surfaktan sodium lignosulfonat yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi. Pada metode hidrolisis sulfonasi terdiri dari beberapa tahap proses, yaitu pre-treatment, ekstraksi, delignifikasi, isolasi lignin, sulfonasi, dan pemurnian. Pada proses sulfonasi lignin isolat direaksikan dengan sodium bisulfit dengan rasio 10, 20, 30, 40 dan 50% terhadap bahan baku pada suhu 90oC selama 4 jam. Sedangkan untuk metode sulfonasi langsung terdiri dari tahap pre-treatmen, sulfonasi, dan pemurnian. Pada metode sulfonasi langsung dilakukan dengan cara mereaksikan biomassa serbuk kayu jati dengan pereaksi sodium bisulfit dengan rasio yang sama seperti metode hidrolisis sulfonasi pada 90oC selama 4 jam. Produk sodium lignosulfonat hasil percobaan dianalisa karakteristiknya yang meliputi yield, kemurnian, derajat keasaman (pH), kadar air, kadar abu, gugus fungsi (FTIR), dan phase behavior, kemudian dibandingkan kualitasnya dengan surfaktan komersial. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sufaktan sodium lignosulfonat dengan metode hidrolisis sulfonasi memiliki hasil yang lebih baik daripada metode sulfonasi langsung. Semakin tinggi rasio pereaksi yang digunakan, maka kualitas sodium lignosulfonat yang dihasilkan juga semakin baik.
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Teak (Tectona grandis Linn f.), Is one type of wood that the most demand by many people. It processing produced the wastes which the utilization is still not optimal. Teak contains many chemical compounds, one of them is lignin. In this study, we will compare the methods of direct sulfonation and sulfonation hydrolysis to process lignin into sodium lignosulfonate surfactant which has a high selling value. The sulfonation hydrolysis method consists of several processes step, it is pre-treatment, extraction, delignification, isolation of lignin, sulfonation, and purification. In the sulfonation process, the lignin isolates were reacted with sodium bisulfite with a ratio of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% toward the weight of lignins at temperature 90oC for 4 hours. For the direct sulfonation method, it is consist the pre-treatment, sulfonation and purification step. The direct sulfonation method was carried out by reacting the biomass of teak wood with sodium bisulfite reagent with the same ratio as the sulfonation hydrolysis method at 90oC for 4 hours. The sodium lignosulfonate research results were analyzed it characteristics, it is including yield, purity, acidity (pH), moisture content, ash content, functional groups (FTIR), and phase behavior, then compared it quality with commercial surfactants. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that sodium lignosulfonate made by sulfonation hydrolysis method has better results than the direct sulfonation method. The higher ratio of reagents used is the better quality of sodium lignosulfonate produced. The higher the ratio of reactants used, so the better of sodium lignosulfonate quality produced.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Lignin, Surfaktan, Sulfonasi Langsung, Hidrolisis, Sulfonasi, Sodium Lignosulfonat
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Faiqotul Ulya
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2026 07:22
Last Modified:	12 Aug 2026 07:22
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/67778

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