Perancangan Dasar Sistem Transmisi 4wd (4 Wheel Drive) serta Analisa Batas Spin pada Roda Mobil Multiguna Pedesaan

Ilyas, Moh Ramadhany (2019) Perancangan Dasar Sistem Transmisi 4wd (4 Wheel Drive) serta Analisa Batas Spin pada Roda Mobil Multiguna Pedesaan. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Mobil Multiguna Pedesaan merupakan kendaraan yang dirancang untuk dapat melakukan proses produksi seperti pertanian, perkebunan, perternakan dan lain-lain di daerah pedesaan. Selain itu Mobil Multiguna Pedesaan tentu saja harus mampu beroperasi dengan baik di daerah pedesaan, mengingat medan jalan disana sangat beragam (jalan berbatu, jalan tanah, jalan menanjak dan lain-lain). Kendaraan dengan penggerak 4WD (4 Wheel Drive) merupakan kendaraan yang tepat untuk daerah pedesaan. Untuk mengoptimalkan performa dari kendaraan diperlukan sistem transmisi 4WD yang dilengkapi beberapa mode pilihan. Kali ini penulis akan melakukan perancangan dasar sistem transmisi 4WD dengan mode High yang terdiri dari 2 High dan 4 High serta mode Low yang terdiri dari 4 Low. Mode High diperuntukkan saat kendaraan dalam kondisi tanpa muatan dan mode Low diperuntukkan saat kendaraan dalam kondisi gross vehicle weight. Jalan yang rata atau memiliki koefisien gesek yang relatif rendah akan lebih mudah untuk dilewati dengan menggunakan mode 4 High dan 4 Low sedangkan mode 2 High untuk jalan yang rata dengan koefisien gesek yang relatif besar. Perbedaan mode high dan low yaitu pada torsi yang dihasilkan dimana mode Low memiliki torsi yang lebih besar. Tahap awal dari penelitian ini yaitu, dilakukan studi literatur dari berbagai buku, serta penelitian terdahulu yang terkait dengan perancangan sistem transmisi. Tahap kedua, dilakukan perhitungan kebutuhan gaya traksi serta batas spin dari roda kendaraan. Dimulai dari perhitungan gaya hambat kemudian menghitung rasio dan tingkat transmisi. Tahap ketiga, dilakukan analisa karakteristik traksi serta batas spin dari roda Mobil Multiguna Pedesaan. Setelah itu, dilakukan perancangan dasar sistem transmisi 4WD. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan rancangan dasar sistem transmisi 4WD dengan 3 tingkat kecepatan (rasio gigi 1 sebesar 4,4, gigi 2 sebesar 3,33, gigi 3 sebesar 2,57, dan gigi reverse sebesar 3,18). Dengan rasio gigi tersebut, Mobil Multiguna Pedesaan memiliki gradeability mendekati 30° dengan kecepatan maksimum kendaraan sebesar 63,15 km/jam. Rancangan sistem transfercase memungkinkan penyaluran daya dari engine untuk memutar mesin produksi pertanian dan juga menyediakan mode 2H, 4H, dan 4L. Mode-mode tersebut memudahkan Mobil Multiguna Pedesaaan dalam melewati segala jenis medan jalan sesuai dengan kondisi muatan kendaraan.
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Rural Multipurpose Vehicle is a vehicle that is designed to carry out production processes such as agriculture, plantations, husbandry and many more in rural areas. In addition, Rural Multipurpose Vehicle must be able to operate well in rural areas, considering the terrain that is very diverse, such as gravel roads, dirt roads, and steep road. The type of vehicle with a 4WD drive (4 Wheel Drive) is a vehicle that is suitable for rural areas. To optimize the performance of the vehicle, a 4WD transmission system is required which is equipped with several modes of choice. This time the author will do the basic design of a 4WD transmission system with high and low modes, where for 4 Wheel Drive there are 4 High and 4 Low modes while for 2 Wheel Drive there is 2 High mode. 4 High and 4 Low modes are used in uneven terrain or roads that have a relatively small friction coefficient. While for the 2 High mode it is used on flat roads such as asphalt or concrete. High and low modes are distinguished in terms of the torque that is produced where the low mode has a greater torque. The initial stage of this research is literature study of various books, as well as previous studies related to the design of transmission systems in Rural Multipurpose Vehicle. The second stage is to calculate the vehicle's traction force requirements and the spin limit of the vehicle's wheels. Starting from the calculation of the resistance, then calculating the ratio and level of transmission. In the third stage, an analysis of the ratio design and transmission speed level was carried out so that appropriate traction characteristics would be obtained as well as knowing the spin limit of Rural Multipurpose Vehicle wheels. After that, the basic 4WD transmission system is designed. From the results of the study, the 4WD transmission system is designed with 3 levels of speed (1st gear ratio is 4.4, 2nd gear is 3.33, 3rd gear is 2.57, and reverse gear is 3.18). With these gear ratios, Rural Multipurpose Vehicle has gradeability approaching 30° with the maximum vehicle speed is 63.15 km / hr. The design of the transfercase system allows power distribution from the engine to rotate agricultural production machines and also provides 2H, 4H and 4L modes. These modes will make Rural Multipurpose Vehicle easier to pass through all types of terrain according to the capacity of the vehicle.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Gaya Hambat, Traksi, Spin, Transmisi, Transfercase
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ230 Machine design
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Moh Ramadhany Ilyas
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2026 06:44
Last Modified:	21 Jul 2026 06:44
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/68056

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