Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Biji Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) melalui Proses Esterifikasi - Transesterifikasi

Anita, Nanda Riska Dewi and Adzany, Maudina Alfira (2019) Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Biji Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) melalui Proses Esterifikasi - Transesterifikasi. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Tanaman Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) merupakan tanaman yang dibudidayakan sebagai tanaman wind breaker pada daerah marginal di tepi pantai atau lahan-lahan kritis lainnya di Indonesia. Biji nyamplung memiliki rendemen minyak yang cukup tinggi, yaitu 37-58% sehingga berpotensi sebagai bahan baku biofuel. Biodiesel adalah salah satu biofuel alternatif pengganti bahan bakar solar. Salah satu potensi Nyamplung ada di daerah Bangkalan, Madura namun masih belum ada pengolahan terhadap biji nyamplung tersebut. Tujuan dari proyek akhir ini adalah membuat biodiesel dari minyak biji nyamplung lalu membandingkan hasil analisisnya terhadap SNI 7182:2015 dan mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan konsentrasi katalis terhadap yield biodiesel. Metode pembuatan biodiesel melalui 2 tahap, yaitu esterifikasi dan transesterifikasi. Jenis katalis yang digunakan dalam proses transesterifikasi yaitu KOH dan NaOH dengan konsentrasi sebesar 0,75%; 1% dan 1,25%. Pembuatan biodiesel dimulai dengan metode pre-treatment yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan impurities yang berupa gum pada minyak nyamplung. Tahap esterifikasi bertujuan untuk menurunkan kadar asam lemak bebas dalam minyak nyamplung. Transesterifikasi bertujuan untuk mengkonversi trigliserida yang terkandung dalam minyak nyamplung menjadi metil ester. Beberapa parameter uji kualitas biodiesel yang dilakukan adalah uji densitas, viskositas, angka asam, angka setana, flash point dan kadar air lalu membandingkannya dengan SNI 7182:2015. Yield biodiesel yang paling optimum dihasilkan pada penambahan katalis NaOH dengan konsentrasi 1% yaitu sebesar 69,61%.
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Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) plant is cultivated as a wind breaker plant in marginal areas on the coast or other critical lands in Indonesia. Nyamplung seeds have high oil content, which is 37-58% so it has the potential as a raw material for biofuels. Biodiesel is an alternative biofuel to replace diesel fuel. One of Nyamplung potentials is located in Bangkalan, Madura, but there is still no further process for the nyamplung seeds. The purpose of this final project is to make biodiesel from nyamplung seed oil then comparing the analysis results with SNI 7182:2015 and determine the effect of type and concentration of catalysts in biodiesel yields. The method of making biodiesel has 2 stages, esterification and transesterification. The types of catalyst used in the transesterification process are KOH and NaOH with the concentration of 0.75%; 1% and 1.25% each. Making biodiesel begins with a pre-treatment method that aims to eliminate impurities in the form of gum in nyamplung oil. After that, the esterification stage is used to reduce the levels of free fatty acid in nyamplung oil. Transesterification stage is used to convert the triglycerides content in nyamplung oil into methyl esters. Some parameters of biodiesel quality that were conducted are density, viscosity, acid number, cetane number, flash point and water content then compare it with SNI 7182: 2015. The most optimum biodiesel yield was produced in addition of NaOH catalyst with a concentration of 1% of 69.61%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Additional Information:	RSKI 662.88 Ani p-1 2019
Uncontrolled Keywords:	biji nyamplung, biodiesel, esterifikasi, transesterifikasi, katalis
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD501 Catalysis. Catalysts. T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Anita Nanda Riska Dewi
Date Deposited:	14 Aug 2026 06:19
Last Modified:	14 Aug 2026 06:19
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/69778

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